Bacterial wilt (BW) disease causes huge economic loss. Heretofore there is no effective way to completely control BW. Here, cover crops (pea, rapeseed, and wheat) were used to restore declining soil properties and control BW. Cover crops can increase content of soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and enzymatic activities, as well as suppress BW. Different kinds of cover crops are distinguished in recovering different soil properties. For instance, rapeseed can inhibit BW more effectively than wheat and pea, while wheat has the best effect on increasing soil organic matter, urease, and invertase. Nevertheless, pea improves catalase better than rapeseed and wheat. Moreover, relative abundance of plant-beneficial bacteria in cover crop treatments is higher than that in the control, with a negative correlation with disease index. For example, wheat has the best effect on improving the growth of plant-beneficial bacteria, followed by rapeseed. The bacteria involved in nitrogen cycling are enriched in pea treatments. However, the relative abundance of pathogen and denitrifying bacteria in cover crop treatments is lower than that in the control, with a positive correlation with disease index. The count of bacteria genes involved in nutrients cycling, antibiotics synthesis, and biodegradation of toxic compounds in cover crop treatments is higher than that in the control. Wheat includes more these genes than rapeseed and pea. Overall, cover crops can restore declining soil properties and suppress BW by increasing soil nutrients and beneficial bacteria as well as decreasing pathogen. Among all cover crops, wheat is considered as the optimal one.

青枯病(BW)病造成巨大的经济损失。迄今为止，还没有有效的方法来完全控制BW。在这里，覆盖作物（豌豆、油菜籽和小麦）被用来恢复下降的土壤性质并控制体重。覆盖作物可以增加土壤有机质、碱解氮和酶活性的含量，并抑制土壤水分。不同种类的覆盖作物在恢复不同的土壤性质方面有所区别。例如，油菜籽对BW的抑制作用比小麦和豌豆更有效，而小麦对增加土壤有机质、脲酶和蔗糖酶的效果最好。尽管如此，豌豆比油菜籽和小麦更好地改善过氧化氢酶。此外，覆盖作物处理中植物有益细菌的相对丰度高于对照，且与疾病指数呈负相关。例如，小麦对促进植物有益细菌生长的效果最好，其次是油菜籽。豌豆处理中富含参与氮循环的细菌。但覆盖作物处理中病原菌和反硝化细菌的相对丰度低于对照，且与疾病指数呈正相关。覆盖作物处理中涉及养分循环、抗生素合成和有毒化合物生物降解的细菌基因数量高于对照。小麦比油菜籽和豌豆含有更多的这些基因。总体而言，覆盖作物可以通过增加土壤养分和有益细菌以及减少病原体来恢复下降的土壤特性并抑制土壤水分。在所有覆盖作物中，小麦被认为是最佳的一种。