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Disaster Risk Reduction, modern science and local knowledge: Perspectives from Timor-Leste
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-23 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101641
Andrew McWilliam , Robert James Wasson , Juno Rouwenhorst , Aleixo Leonito Amaral

Local knowledge and modern science are both valuable inputs to environmental Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) approaches. Local knowledge for DRR is particularly important in countries where government capabilities are limited and where long-standing customary practices of natural resource management still exist and may be harnessed for governance purposes. Modern science can add value by expanding the knowledge base using methods not available to local people through empirical studies and using theory in data-poor locations to fill empirical gaps and test empirically derived inferences. Timor-Leste is an impoverished post-conflict nation prone to disasters from connected threats of droughts, floods and landslides and human dependence on low yield, shifting agriculture. In this paper, the results of community meetings in the catchments of the Laclo and Caraulun rivers are compared with scientific research to identify explanations of hazard cause and effect. The major difference between the two knowledge spheres is that while local people shared causal connections with scientific explanations they also simultaneously held ‘naturalist’ explanations of disasters. In particular, they attributed environmental disasters to the failure to put to rest the spirits of the many people killed during the previous decades of militarised occupation. The paper considers the implications of these findings for developing effective governance and preparedness policies for DRR in Timor Leste and evaluates recent developments.



中文翻译:

减少灾害风险,现代科学和地方知识:东帝汶的观点

本地知识和现代科学都是减少环境灾难风险(DRR)方法的宝贵投入。在政府能力有限且自然资源管理的长期习俗仍然存在并且可以用于治理目的的国家,DRR的本地知识尤其重要。现代科学可以通过使用经验研究无法提供给当地人的方法来扩展知识库,并在数据匮乏的地区使用理论来填补经验差距并检验经验推论,从而增加价值。东帝汶是一个贫穷的冲突后国家,易受干旱,洪水和山体滑坡的威胁以及人类对低产,农业转移的依赖而遭受灾难。在本文中,将拉克洛河和卡鲁伦河流域的社区会议的结果与科学研究进行比较,以确定对危害因果关系的解释。这两个知识领域之间的主要区别在于,尽管当地人与科学解释共享因果关系,但他们同时也对灾难进行了“自然主义”解释。他们特别将环境灾难归因于未能安抚在过去的数十年军事化占领中丧生的许多人的精神。本文考虑了这些发现对制定东帝汶减灾的有效治理和防备政策的意义,并评估了最近的发展。这两个知识领域之间的主要区别在于,尽管当地人与科学解释共享因果关系,但他们同时也对灾难进行了“自然主义”解释。他们特别将环境灾难归因于未能安抚在过去的数十年军事化占领中丧生的许多人的精神。本文考虑了这些发现对制定东帝汶减灾的有效治理和防备政策的意义,并评估了最近的发展。这两个知识领域之间的主要区别在于,尽管当地人与科学解释共享因果关系,但他们同时也对灾难进行了“自然主义”解释。他们尤其将环境灾难归因于未能安抚在过去的几十年军事化占领中丧生的许多人的精神。本文考虑了这些发现对制定东帝汶减灾的有效治理和防备政策的意义,并评估了最近的发展。他们将环境灾难归因于未能安抚在过去几十年的军事占领中丧生的许多人的精神。本文考虑了这些发现对制定东帝汶减灾的有效治理和防备政策的意义,并评估了最近的发展。他们将环境灾难归因于未能安抚在过去几十年的军事占领中丧生的许多人的精神。本文考虑了这些发现对制定东帝汶减灾的有效治理和防备政策的意义,并评估了最近的发展。

更新日期:2020-05-23
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