Urban greening is a growing societal demand but consumes large amounts of soil. This massive transfer of soil, typically imported from peri-urban and rural areas, raises questions about the environmental sustainability of such projects. It has been suggested that artificial soils made with urban wastes, also called constructed Technosols, might be a sustainable alternative. In this article, we examined during three years, different mixtures of excavated deep horizons of soil, crushed concrete and green waste compost, in order to (i) identify the most suitable mixture for growing trees; (ii) identify tolerant tree species among six different species; and (iii) assess macrofaunal colonization, a major driver of soil fertility, from the surrounding macrofaunal pool. The mixture of excavated deep horizons and green waste compost led to the highest tree mortality. The best tree survival and growth, and quickest soil macrofaunal colonization were obtained with a mixture of 20% of excavated deep horizons, 10% of green waste compost and 70% of crushed concrete (v/v). The survival rate of species Acer campestre and Prunus avium was 100% but only 58% for Carpinus betulus. Our results show the construction of Technosols with urban wastes is a promising alternative for planting trees and hosting soil biodiversity within cities.

中文翻译：

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用回收的城市废物建造的 Technosols 中的树木生长和大型动物群落定植

城市绿化是不断增长的社会需求，但会消耗大量土壤。这种大规模的土壤转移，通常是从城郊和农村地区进口的，引发了对此类项目环境可持续性的质疑。有人建议用城市废物制成的人造土壤，也称为人工土壤，可能是一种可持续的替代方案。在这篇文章中，我们在三年内检查了挖掘的深层土壤、碎混凝土和绿色废物堆肥的不同混合物，以 (i) 确定最适合种植树木的混合物；(ii) 在六种不同树种中识别耐受性树种；(iii) 从周围的大型动物群中评估大型动物的定植，这是土壤肥力的主要驱动因素。挖掘的深层地平线和绿色废物堆肥的混合物导致最高的树木死亡率。使用 20% 的挖掘深层地层、10% 的绿色废物堆肥和 70% 的碎混凝土 (v/v) 的混合物可获得最佳的树木存活和生长以及最快的土壤大型动物定植。Acer campestre 和 Prunus avium 的存活率为 100%，而 Carpinus betulus 的存活率仅为 58%。我们的研究结果表明，用城市废物建造 Technosols 是在城市内种植树木和保持土壤生物多样性的有前途的替代方案。Acer campestre 和 Prunus avium 的存活率为 100%，而 Carpinus betulus 的存活率仅为 58%。我们的研究结果表明，用城市废物建造 Technosols 是在城市内种植树木和保持土壤生物多样性的有前途的替代方案。Acer campestre 和 Prunus avium 的存活率为 100%，而 Carpinus betulus 的存活率仅为 58%。我们的研究结果表明，用城市废物建造 Technosols 是在城市内种植树木和保持土壤生物多样性的有前途的替代方案。