A manufacturing system able to perform a high variety of tasks requires different types of resources. Fully automated systems using robots possess high speed, accuracy, tirelessness, and force, but they are expensive. On the other hand, human workers are intelligent, creative, flexible, and able to work with different tools in different situations. A combination of these resources forms a human-machine/robot (hybrid) system, where humans and robots perform a variety of tasks (manual, automated, and hybrid tasks) in a shared workspace. Contrarily to the existing surveys, this study is dedicated to operations management problems (focusing on the applications and features) for human and machine/robot collaborative systems in manufacturing. This research is divided into two types of interactions between human and automated components in manufacturing and assembly systems: dual resource constrained (DRC) and human-robot collaboration (HRC) optimization problems. Moreover, different characteristics of the workforce and machines/robots such as heterogeneity, homogeneity, ergonomics, and flexibility are introduced. Finally, this paper identifies the optimization challenges and problems for hybrid systems. The existing literature on HRC focuses mainly on the robotic point of view and not on the operations management and optimization aspects. Therefore, the future research directions include the design of models and methods to optimize HRC systems in terms of ergonomics, safety, and throughput. In addition, studying flexibility and reconfigurability in hybrid systems is one of the main research avenues for future research.

能够执行多种任务的制造系统需要不同类型的资源。使用机器人的全自动系统具有高速，准确，不倦且力大的特点，但价格昂贵。另一方面，人类工人则聪明，有创造力，灵活并且能够在不同情况下使用不同的工具。这些资源的组合形成了人机/机器人（混合）系统，其中人和机器人在共享的工作区中执行各种任务（手动，自动和混合任务）。与现有调查相反，本研究致力于制造中人与机器/机器人协作系统的运营管理问题（关注应用程序和功能）。这项研究分为制造和装配系统中人与自动化组件之间的两种交互类型：双重资源约束（DRC）和人机协作（HRC）优化问题。此外，还介绍了劳动力和机器/机器人的不同特征，例如异质性，同质性，人体工程学和灵活性。最后，本文确定了混合系统的优化挑战和问题。现有关于HRC的文献主要集中在机器人的观点上，而不是在运营管理和优化方面。因此，未来的研究方向包括在人体工程学，安全性和生产量方面优化HRC系统的模型和方法的设计。此外，