This article presents the design, construction and performance comparison of three 4×4 Butler matrix technologies working on the Ka-band: standard microstrip, standard microstrip with metasurface packaging and inverted microstrip gap waveguide technology (IM-GWG). Measurement results show that the packaged microstrip and the IM-GWG exhibit less losses, with a good compromise in cost and performance compared to the conventional microstrip Butler matrix.

中文翻译：

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Ka带微带技术中4×4 Butler矩阵的比较研究

本文介绍了在Ka波段工作的三种4×4 Butler矩阵技术的设计，构造和性能比较：标准微带，带有超表面封装的标准微带和倒置微带间隙波导技术（IM-GWG）。测量结果表明，与传统的微带管家巴特勒矩阵相比，封装的微带和IM-GWG损耗少，在成本和性能上都有很好的折衷。