The inhibitory efficacy of rapamycin against potato white mold caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was studied in vitro and under field conditions. The results showed that rapamycin was able to reduce radial growth, sclerogenesis as well as myceliogenic and carpogenic germinations of three isolates of the pathogen. Application of rapamycin markedly increased activity of chitin 1,4-β-chitobiosidase, endochitinase and β-1,3-glucanase in plant leaves. The treatment with rapamycin increased relative conductivity of S. sclerotiorum mycelia in different periods of time compared with the control. An increase in carbohydrate leakage was observed in the pathogen mycelia incubated with rapamycin. The content of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) markedly increased at 5 h and the highest MDA content was observed after 20 h. Due to exposure to rapamycin, a decrease percentage of catalase activity was observed in pathogen mycelia. The results of field trials carried out over cropping seasons of 2017 and 2018 at Bahar and Lalehjin counties in Hamedan province, Iran, showed that application of rapamycin at the concentration of 100 nM has potential to markedly reduce disease severity of potato white mold as effectively as application of dichloran at 100% of the advised rate.

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雷帕霉素对马铃薯白霉病的抑制作用

在体外和田间条件下研究了雷帕霉素对菌核盘菌引起的马铃薯白霉病的抑制作用。结果表明，雷帕霉素能够减少三种病原体的放射状生长，硬化发生以及致霉和生根发芽。雷帕霉素的施用显着提高了植物叶片中几丁质1,4-β-壳多糖苷酶，内切几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的活性。雷帕霉素治疗增加了核盘菌的相对电导率与对照组不同时期的菌丝体。在与雷帕霉素一起孵育的病原体菌丝体中观察到碳水化合物泄漏的增加。甲烷二羧酸醛（MDA）的含量在5 h时明显增加，并且在20 h后观察到最高的MDA含量。由于暴露于雷帕霉素，在病原体菌丝体中观察到过氧化氢酶活性的百分比降低。在伊朗哈马丹省的Bahar和Lalehjin县的2017和2018作物季节进行的田间试验结果表明，以100 nM的浓度施用雷帕霉素有可能显着降低马铃薯白霉病的严重程度以建议用量的100％施用二氯甲烷。