Red mud-based layered double hydroxides (LRM) was synthesized by a co-precipitation route, and then a hybrid with bis(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate (BNPP)-modified LRM material (BRL) was prepared in this paper. Through X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (NMR), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analysis, the results show that BRL is better dispersed than LRM. Then, thermoplastics polyurethanes (TPU) was used as the base material. TPU/LRM and TPU/BRL composites were prepared by a melt-blending method. Cone calorimeter test (CCT) was used to investigate the effect on flame retardancy and smoke suppression. Specifically, the PHRR values of TPU/LRM and TPU/BRL composites were reduced by 41.6% and 52.5% compared with pure TPU sample. The main factor of improved flame retardancy and smoke suppression can be explained by the catalytic carbonization of LRM or BRL in solid phase and the P-radicals (such as PO^· and HPO^·) in gas phase which demonstrated by thermo-gravimetric analyzer test (TGA) and char analysis.

通过共沉淀法合成了红泥基层状双氢氧化物（LRM），然后制备了与双（4-硝基苯基）磷酸酯（BNPP）改性的LRM材料（BRL）的杂化物。通过X射线衍射（XRD），傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR），核磁共振光谱（NMR），透射电子显微镜（TEM）和能谱仪（EDS）分析，结果表明BRL比LRM具有更好的分散性。 。然后，将热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）用作基础材料。通过熔融共混方法制备TPU / LRM和TPU / BRL复合材料。锥形量热计测试（CCT）用于研究对阻燃性和烟雾抑制的影响。具体而言，与纯TPU样品相比，TPU / LRM和TPU / BRL复合材料的PHRR值分别降低了41.6％和52.5％。^·和HPO ^·）在气相中，通过热重分析仪测试（TGA）和焦炭分析证明。