Purpose of Review

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare hematologic malignancy. Advances in multi-agent chemotherapy have resulted in dramatic improvements in the number of pediatric cases that result in a cure; however, until recently, treatment options for older adults or patients with relapsed and refractory disease were extremely limited. This review seeks to describe in greater detail a number of emerging novel treatment modalities recently approved for this cancer.

Recent Findings

In this review, we discuss a number of recently approved novel therapies for ALL, including new approaches with targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors, novel immune-based therapies including the bispecific antibody blinatumomab and the antibody-drug conjugate inotuzumab ozogamicin, and the role of cellular therapeutics such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. We also discuss the impact that advances in diagnostics and disease classification and monitoring have had on treatment.

Summary

A number of advances in ALL have resulted in dramatic changes to the treatment landscape and therapeutic options both at the time of diagnosis and in salvage. These findings are reshaping our treatment paradigms throughout the course of disease.

中文翻译：

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治疗成人急性淋巴细胞白血病的新疗法。

审查目的

急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）是一种罕见的血液系统恶性肿瘤。多药化疗的进步导致治愈的儿科病例数量显着增加；然而，直到最近，针对老年人或复发和难治性疾病患者的治疗选择极为有限。本综述旨在更详细地描述最近批准用于这种癌症的一些新兴的新型治疗方式。

最近的发现

在这篇综述中，我们讨论了一些最近批准的 ALL 新疗法，包括靶向酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的新方法、基于免疫的新疗法，包括双特异性抗体 blinatumomab 和抗体-药物偶联物 inotuzumab ozogamicin，以及细胞疗法的作用例如嵌合抗原受体 (CAR) T 细胞。我们还讨论了诊断、疾病分类和监测方面的进步对治疗的影响。

概括

ALL 的许多进展导致在诊断和抢救时的治疗环境和治疗选择发生了巨大变化。这些发现正在重塑我们在整个疾病过程中的治疗模式。