Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a striking vehicle steering maneuvers on the kinematics and head injury risk of cyclists using the finite element (FE) modeling method. Twenty-six accident cases with video records were analyzed to define the range of the striking vehicle yaw angular velocity just before the collisions by the vehicle occurred. Parametric studies of the vehicle steering maneuvers were conducted by FE simulations using the Total Human Model of Safety (THUMS) occupant (ver. 4.0) and bicycle models at four vehicle yaw angular velocities (0, 1, 1.5 and 2 rad/s) and five impact locations (−400, −200, 0, 200 and 400 mm relative to the striking vehicle centerline). The cyclists’ kinematics and head impact conditions, as well as the injury parameters of the HIC and CSDM were calculated to assess the head injury risks. The results show that the vehicle yaw angular velocities could affect the head wrap around distances (WADs) and head impact locations, as well as the head impact conditions. The Head Injury Criterion (HIC) and cumulative strain damage measure (CSDM) were higher with vehicle yaw angular velocities in most cases. That outcome could predict a higher brain injury risk compared to results without a steering maneuver. The research illustrates that the vehicle steering maneuvers could influence the cyclist head injury risk and provides basic theoretical knowledge for preventing the cyclists’ injury risk.

摘要

本研究的目的是使用有限元 (FE) 建模方法来研究引人注目的车辆转向操作对骑自行车者的运动学和头部受伤风险的影响。分析了 26 起带有视频记录的事故案例，以定义在车辆发生碰撞之前撞击车辆横摆角速度的范围。车辆转向操纵的参数研究是通过有限元模拟进行的，使用全人类安全模型 (THUMS) 乘员（版本 4.0）和自行车模型在四种车辆偏航角速度（0、1、1.5 和 2 rad/s）下进行，并且五个撞击位置（相对于撞击车辆中心线的 -400、-200、0、200 和 400 毫米）。骑自行车者的运动学和头部撞击条件，以及计算 HIC 和 CSDM 的损伤参数以评估头部损伤风险。结果表明，车辆偏航角速度会影响头部环绕距离 (WAD) 和头部撞击位置，以及头部撞击条件。在大多数情况下，车辆偏航角速度的头部损伤标准 (HIC) 和累积应变损伤测量 (CSDM) 更高。与没有转向操作的结果相比，该结果可以预测更高的脑损伤风险。研究表明，车辆转向操纵对骑车人头部受伤风险有影响，为预防骑车人头部受伤风险提供基础理论知识。以及头部撞击条件。在大多数情况下，车辆偏航角速度的头部损伤标准 (HIC) 和累积应变损伤测量 (CSDM) 更高。与没有转向操作的结果相比，该结果可以预测更高的脑损伤风险。研究表明，车辆转向操纵对骑车人头部受伤风险有影响，为预防骑车人头部受伤风险提供基础理论知识。以及头部撞击条件。在大多数情况下，车辆偏航角速度的头部损伤标准 (HIC) 和累积应变损伤测量 (CSDM) 更高。与没有转向操作的结果相比，该结果可以预测更高的脑损伤风险。研究表明，车辆转向操纵对骑车人头部受伤风险有影响，为预防骑车人头部受伤风险提供基础理论知识。