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Wind Waves in the Strait of Georgia
Atmosphere-Ocean ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-14 , DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2020.1735989
J. Gemmrich 1 , R. Pawlowicz 2
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT The Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada, is an important ocean region in which wave and weather conditions can vary rapidly in time and space because of the complex mountain topography that surrounds it. Here we analyze existing observational data and a newly developed near real-time numerical wave model, forced by modelled local winds and ocean currents, to characterize the surface wave conditions of the Strait under a variety of wind and weather conditions. Wave heights are generally largest in the northern Strait. However, we find that there are some deficiencies in the existing observational data, with buoy measurements in the northern Strait overestimating wave heights by as much as 0.4 m. The wave modelling also shows that strong tidal flows near Discovery Passage and Boundary Pass lead to increased wave heights, but current-related increases are not predicted near Sand Heads because of deficiencies in the numerical ocean current model. Outflow wind conditions in the Fraser Valley result in large waves south of Point Roberts but Howe Sound outflows do not noticeably affect significant wave heights offshore of Howe Sound. Stokes drift associated with surface waves can cause surface drifts as large as 20% of the directly wind-driven surface currents but is minimal for winds less than about , which characterize the Strait most of the time. Whitecap fractions throughout the Strait are similar to open-ocean conditions (i.e., 1–2% at moderate wind speeds) but about twice as high in the southern region of the Strait during strong outflow conditions.

中文翻译:

乔治亚海峡的风浪

摘要 加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省乔治亚海峡是一个重要的海洋区域,由于其周围复杂的山地地形,海浪和天气条件在时间和空间上变化很快。在这里,我们分析了现有的观测数据和新开发的近实时数值波浪模型,在模拟的当地风和洋流的推动下,以表征各种风和天气条件下海峡的表面波浪条件。海浪高度一般在海峡北部最大。然而,我们发现现有的观测数据存在一些不足,海峡北部的浮标测量高估了高达0.4 m的波高。波浪模型还显示,发现通道和边界通道附近的强潮汐流导致波高增加,但由于数值洋流模型的缺陷,在沙头附近没有预测与洋流相关的增加。弗雷泽河谷的外流风条件导致罗伯茨角以南的大浪,但豪湾外流不会显着影响豪湾近海的显着波高。与表面波相关的斯托克斯漂移可导致高达 20% 的直接由风驱动的表面流的表面漂移,但对于小于约 的风来说是最小的,这是海峡大部分时间的特征。整个海峡的白浪部分与公海条件相似(即,在中等风速下为 1-2%),但在强外流条件下,海峡南部地区的白浪浓度大约是该地区的两倍。弗雷泽河谷的外流风条件导致罗伯茨角以南的大浪,但豪湾外流不会显着影响豪湾近海的显着波高。与表面波相关的斯托克斯漂移可导致高达 20% 的直接由风驱动的表面流的表面漂移,但对于小于约 的风来说是最小的,这是海峡大部分时间的特征。整个海峡的白浪部分与公海条件相似(即,在中等风速下为 1-2%),但在强外流条件下,海峡南部地区的白浪浓度大约是该地区的两倍。弗雷泽河谷的外流风条件导致罗伯茨角以南的大浪,但豪湾外流不会显着影响豪湾近海的显着波高。与表面波相关的斯托克斯漂移可导致高达 20% 的直接由风驱动的表面流的表面漂移,但对于小于约 的风来说是最小的,这是海峡大部分时间的特征。整个海峡的白浪部分与公海条件相似(即,在中等风速下为 1-2%),但在强外流条件下,海峡南部地区的白浪分数约为其两倍。与表面波相关的斯托克斯漂移可导致高达 20% 的直接由风驱动的表面流的表面漂移,但对于小于约 的风来说是最小的,这是海峡大部分时间的特征。整个海峡的白浪部分与公海条件相似(即,在中等风速下为 1-2%),但在强外流条件下,海峡南部地区的白浪浓度大约是该地区的两倍。与表面波相关的斯托克斯漂移可导致高达 20% 的直接由风驱动的表面流的表面漂移,但对于小于约 的风来说是最小的,这是海峡大部分时间的特征。整个海峡的白浪部分与公海条件相似(即,在中等风速下为 1-2%),但在强外流条件下,海峡南部地区的白浪浓度大约是该地区的两倍。
更新日期:2020-03-14
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