Although cell wall polymers play important roles in the tolerance of plants to abiotic stress, the effects of salinity on cell wall composition and metabolism in grasses remain largely unexplored. Here, we conducted an in‐depth study of changes in cell wall composition and phenolic metabolism induced upon salinity in maize seedlings and plants. Cell wall characterization revealed that salt stress modulated the deposition of cellulose, matrix polysaccharides and lignin in seedling roots, plant roots and stems. The extraction and analysis of arabinoxylans by size‐exclusion chromatography, 2D‐NMR spectroscopy and carbohydrate gel electrophoresis showed a reduction of arabinoxylan content in salt‐stressed roots. Saponification and mild acid hydrolysis revealed that salinity also reduced the feruloylation of arabinoxylans in roots of seedlings and plants. Determination of lignin content and composition by nitrobenzene oxidation and 2D‐NMR confirmed the increased incorporation of syringyl units in lignin of maize roots. Salt stress also induced the expression of genes and the activity of enzymes enrolled in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The UHPLC–MS‐based metabolite profiling confirmed the modulation of phenolic profiling by salinity and the accumulation of ferulate and its derivatives 3‐ and 4‐O‐feruloyl quinate. In conclusion, we present a model for explaining cell wall remodeling in response to salinity.

中文翻译：

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盐胁迫下的细胞壁重塑：洞察玉米中多糖，阿魏酸酯化，木质化和酚类代谢的变化。

尽管细胞壁聚合物在植物对非生物胁迫的耐受性中起着重要作用，但盐度对草中细胞壁组成和代谢的影响仍未开发。在这里，我们对玉米幼苗和植物中盐分诱导的细胞壁组成和酚类代谢的变化进行了深入研究。细胞壁特征表明，盐胁迫调节了苗根，植物根和茎中纤维素，基质多糖和木质素的沉积。通过尺寸排阻色谱，二维核磁共振谱和碳水化合物凝胶电泳对阿拉伯木聚糖的提取和分析表明，盐胁迫根中阿拉伯木聚糖的含量降低。皂化和温和的酸水解表明，盐度还减少了幼苗和植物根中阿拉伯木聚糖的阿魏酸化。通过硝基苯氧化和2D-NMR测定木质素含量和成分证实了玉米根中木质素中丁香基单元的结合增加。盐胁迫还诱导参与苯丙烷生物合成的基因的表达和酶的活性。基于UHPLC-MS的代谢物谱分析证实了盐度和阿魏酸及其衍生物3和4的积累对酚谱分析的调节 盐胁迫还诱导参与苯丙烷生物合成的基因的表达和酶的活性。基于UHPLC-MS的代谢物谱分析证实了盐度和阿魏酸及其衍生物3和4的积累对酚谱分析的调节 盐胁迫还诱导参与苯丙烷生物合成的基因的表达和酶的活性。基于UHPLC-MS的代谢物谱分析证实了盐度和阿魏酸及其衍生物3和4的积累对酚谱分析的调节Ø -feruloyl奎尼酸。总之，我们提出了一个模型，用于解释盐度反应引起的细胞壁重塑。