Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a major health threat compromising the gonorrhoea treatment globally. AMR surveillance including whole genome sequencing (WGS)‐based epidemiology provides ideal resolution to identify and describe AMR gonococcal clones, AMR determinants and populations, which can inform management guidelines and antimicrobial stewardship policies. Our aims were to, for the first time, elucidate the WGS‐based epidemiology and characterize AMR determinants of gonococcal strains spreading in Ukraine, 2013–2018. Gonococcal isolates (n = 150) from Ternopil and Dnipro, Ukraine (2013–2018), were subjected to AMR testing (Etest) for eight antimicrobials and WGS. Overall, 11.3% of isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 6.0% to tetracycline, and 0.7% to benzylpenicillin. No isolates were resistant to azithromycin, spectinomycin, ceftriaxone, or cefixime, but one isolate was bordering resistance to both cephalosporins. Twenty‐five MLST STs, 50 NG‐MAST STs, and 34 NG‐STAR types were identified. The phylogenomic analysis revealed six main clusters, mostly associated with the internationally described multidrug‐susceptible gonococcal lineage. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was associated with GyrA S91F and ParC S87R mutations; tetracyclines with rpsJ V57M and tetM ; penicillins with mosaic penA ‐34.001 and β‐lactamase; mtrR ; PorB1b G101D, and PBP1 L421P mutations. One isolate of the multidrug‐resistant NG‐MAST ST1407, MLST ST1901 was found, which was bordering resistance to ceftriaxone and cefixime. The antimicrobial susceptibility of gonococcal strains spreading in Ternopil and Dnipro, Ukraine, in 2013–2018 was surprisingly high. Continued and expanded gonococcal AMR surveillance, ideally including WGS, in Ukraine is essential. This could inform action plans and public health policies to control the spread of AMR gonococcal strains in Ukraine.

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2013-2018年来自乌克兰的淋病奈瑟菌分离株的基因组流行病学和抗菌素耐药性决定因素。

淋病奈瑟菌的抗菌素耐药性是威胁全球淋病治疗的主要健康威胁。包括基于全基因组测序（WGS）的流行病学在内的AMR监测为鉴定和描述AMR淋球菌克隆，AMR决定因素和种群提供了理想的解决方案，可以为管理指南和抗菌素管理政策提供依据。我们的目标是第一次阐明基于WGS的流行病学，并表征2013-2018年在乌克兰传播的淋球菌菌株的AMR影响因素。来自乌克兰捷尔诺波尔和第聂伯的淋病球菌分离株（n = 150）（2013-2018年）接受了八种抗菌药物和WGS的AMR测试（Etest）。总体而言，有11.3％的分离株对环丙沙星有抗药性，对四环素的抗药性是6.0％，对苄青霉素的抗药性是0.7％。没有分离株对阿奇霉素，壮观霉素，头孢曲松或头孢克肟有抗药性，但一种分离株对两种头孢菌素都有抗药性。确定了25个MLST ST，50个NG-MAST ST和34个NG-STAR类型。分子系统学分析揭示了六个主要簇，主要与国际上描述的多药敏感性淋球菌谱系有关。对环丙沙星的抗性与GyrA S91F和ParC S87R突变有关；四环素与rpsJ V57M和tetM ; 青霉素与马赛克penA -34.001和β-内酰胺酶; mtrR ; PorB1b G101D和PBP1 L421P突变。发现了一种耐多药NG-MAST ST1407的分离株MLST ST1901，其对头孢曲松和头孢克肟的耐药性接近。2013-2018年，在乌克兰捷尔诺波尔和第聂伯罗蔓延的淋球菌菌株对抗生素的敏感性很高。在乌克兰，持续不断地扩大淋球菌AMR监测，理想情况下包括WGS。这可以为控制乌克兰AMR淋球菌菌株传播的行动计划和公共卫生政策提供依据。