One of the main causes of pregnancy failure and fetus abortion is oocyte aneuploidy, which is increased with maternal aging. Numerous possible causes of oocyte aneuploidy in aged women have been proposed, including cross-over formation defect, cohesin loss, spindle deformation, spindle assembly checkpoint malfunction, microtubule-kinetochore attachment failure, kinetochore mis-orientation, mitochondria dysfunction-induced increases in reactive oxygen species, protein over-acetylation, and DNA damage. However, it still needs to be answered if these aneuploidization factors have inherent relations, and how to prevent chromosome aneuploidy in aged oocytes. Epidemiologically, oocyte aneuploidy has been found to be weakly associated with higher homocysteine concentrations, obesity, ionizing radiation and even seasonality. In this review, we summarize the research progress and present an integrated view of oocyte aneuploidization.

妊娠失败和胎儿流产的主要原因之一是卵母细胞非整倍性，随着母亲年龄的增长，卵母细胞非整倍性会增加。已经提出了老年女性卵母细胞非整倍性的许多可能原因，包括交叉形成缺陷、粘连蛋白丢失、纺锤体变形、纺锤体组装检查点故障、微管-着丝粒附着失败、着丝粒定向错误、线粒体功能障碍引起的活性氧增加物种、蛋白质过度乙酰化和 DNA 损伤。然而，这些非整倍体化因素是否存在内在联系，以及如何预防老化卵母细胞染色体非整倍体，仍然需要回答。从流行病学角度来看，卵母细胞非整倍体与较高的同型半胱氨酸浓度、肥胖、电离辐射甚至季节性都有微弱的相关性。在这篇综述中，我们总结了卵母细胞非整倍化的研究进展，并提出了一个综合的观点。