Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer which affects the colon and the rectum. Approximately one third of annual CRC mortality occurs due to the late detection of this type of cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more powerful diagnostic and prognostic tools for identification and treatment of colorectal tumorigenesis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been implicated in the pathology of CRC and also linked to metastasis, proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis and apoptosis in numerous cancers. Recently, attention has turned towards ncRNAs as specific targets for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of various types of cancers, including CRC. In this review, we have tried to outline the roles of ncRNAs, and their involvement in signaling pathways responsible for the progression of CRC.

大肠癌（CRC）是影响结肠和直肠的最常见癌症之一。由于此类癌症的较晚发现，每年约有CRC死亡率的三分之一发生。因此，迫切需要用于鉴定和治疗结直肠肿瘤发生的更强大的诊断和预后工具。非编码RNA（ncRNA）与CRC的病理学有关，并且与许多癌症的转移，增殖，分化，迁移，血管生成和细胞凋亡有关。近来，注意力已转向ncRNAs作为诊断，预后和治疗包括CRC在内的各种类型癌症的特异性靶标。在这篇综述中，我们试图概述ncRNA的作用，以及它们在导致CRC进展的信号通路中的作用。