The main aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to calculate and compare the frequencies of obsessions and compulsions in women with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) during pregnancy (OCD-P), the postpartum period (OCD-PP) and when they are neither pregnant nor postpartum (OCD-NPP). Fourteen studies were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed that aggressive obsessions were much more common in OCD-PP than in OCD-P and OCD-NPP and that washing/cleaning compulsions were less frequent in OCD-PP than in OCD-P and OCD-NPP. These differences were significant, whereas the frequencies of various obsessions and compulsions did not distinguish between OCD-P and OCD-NPP. Obsessions about accidental harm to the infant and other infant-focused obsessions, checking compulsions, self-reassurance and seeking reassurance from others were also relatively common in OCD-PP. Clinical manifestations of OCD-PP are relatively specific and differ from those of OCD-P and OCD-NPP, whereas OCD-P does not seem to have distinct clinical features. Although these findings do not necessarily suggest that OCD-PP is a distinct subtype of OCD, they have important conceptual and clinical implications.

中文翻译：

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妊娠期和产后强迫症的症状：系统评价和荟萃分析

本系统评价和荟萃分析的主要目的是计算和比较患有强迫症 (OCD) 的妇女在怀孕 (OCD-P)、产后 (OCD-PP) 和产后的强迫观念和强迫行为的频率。他们既没有怀孕也没有产后 (OCD-NPP)。在应用纳入和排除标准后，选择了 14 项研究。荟萃分析表明，OCD-PP 中的侵略性强迫观念比 OCD-P 和 OCD-NPP 中更常见，并且 OCD-PP 中的洗涤/清洁强迫比 OCD-P 和 OCD-NPP 中更少。这些差异是显着的，而各种强迫症和强迫症的频率并不能区分 OCD-P 和 OCD-NPP。对婴儿意外伤害的痴迷和其他以婴儿为中心的痴迷，检查强迫症，自我安慰和寻求他人安慰在强迫症-PP中也相对常见。OCD-PP 的临床表现相对特异性，不同于 OCD-P 和 OCD-NPP，而 OCD-P 似乎没有明显的临床特征。尽管这些发现并不一定表明 OCD-PP 是 OCD 的一个独特亚型，但它们具有重要的概念和临床意义。