Although threatened by forestry, our knowledge concerning saproxylic insects is strongly biased towards well-known orders, mainly beetles (Coleoptera). The beetles have, therefore, formed the basis on which conservation measures of other groups have been formulated. Despite being more species-rich, the Diptera have been rather neglected. Moreover, our limited knowledge of the Diptera suggests that their demands on the dead wood substrate differ markedly from that of coleopterans. We tested if this is true by comparing the substrate requirements of dipteran and coleopteran species by analysing the affinities of species assemblages for logging residues differing in age, size, and tree species. Insects were reared out from the same samples of bioenergy wood from clear-cuts in Sweden. 15 species of Brachyceran flies were compared with 56 species of Coleoptera. We found the average level of specialisation to be similar between the two groups, but the dipterans had (contrary to the expectations) a higher proportion of specialists. Affinities for differently aged wood were similar. More dipterans than beetles were associated with the coarsest wood (diameter 9 cm–15 cm). More dipterans than beetles tended to be associated with aspen (Populus tremula), while Coleoptera tended to be more associated than Diptera with oak (Quercus) and spruce (Picea abies). We conclude that most recommendations for conserving the saproxylic beetle fauna also seem to benefit dipterans, but that the dipterans might be even more sensitive to which qualities of the wood that is preserved. The high conservation value of aspen is already recognised and our results for dipterans strengthen this. The high incidence of many dipteran species in logging residues suggests that many dipterans use sun-exposed environments.

尽管受到林业的威胁，但我们对腐胺类昆虫的了解强烈偏向于众所周知的昆虫，主要是甲虫（鞘翅目）。因此，甲虫已成为制定其他种群保护措施的基础。尽管双足动物种类更加丰富，但它们却被忽略了。此外，我们对Diptera的有限了解表明，他们对枯木底物的需求与鞘翅目动物的需求明显不同。我们通过比较物种组合对年龄，大小和树木种类不同的伐木残基的亲和力，比较了二萜和鞘翅目物种的底物要求，以检验这是否成立。从相同的生物能源木材样本中饲养了昆虫，这些木材来自瑞典的清晰林地。比较了15种Brachyceran苍蝇和鞘翅目56种。我们发现两组之间的专业平均水平相似，但是双足动物的专家比例（与预期相反）更高。不同年龄的木材的亲和力相似。与最粗糙的木材（直径9厘米至15厘米）相关的dip虫多于甲虫。与白杨相关的二倍体动物多于甲虫（毛白杨（Populus tremula），而鞘翅目往往比双翅目与栎（Quercus）和云杉（Picea abies）有更大的联系。我们得出的结论是，大多数保护红花甲虫动物区系的建议似乎也有益于二足动物，但是二足动物可能对所保存木材的质量更加敏感。白杨的高保护价值已经得到认可，我们对二倍体动物的研究结果对此进行了强化。许多dip虫物种在伐木残留物中的高发生率表明，许多dip虫使用暴露于阳光的环境。