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The role of allopregnanolone in depressive-like behaviors: Focus on neurotrophic proteins.
Neurobiology of Stress ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100218
Felipe Borges Almeida 1 , Maurício Schüler Nin 1, 2, 3 , Helena Maria Tannhauser Barros 1
Affiliation  

Allopregnanolone (3α,5α-tetrahydroprogesterone; pharmaceutical formulation: brexanolone) is a neurosteroid that has recently been approved for the treatment of postpartum depression, promising to fill part of a long-lasting gap in the effectiveness of pharmacotherapies for depressive disorders. In this review, we explore the experimental research that characterized the antidepressant-like effects of allopregnanolone, with a particular focus on the neurotrophic adaptations induced by this neurosteroid in preclinical studies. We demonstrate that there is a consistent decrease in allopregnanolone levels in limbic brain areas in rodents submitted to stress-induced models of depression, such as social isolation and chronic unpredictable stress. Further, both the drug-induced upregulation of allopregnanolone or its direct administration reduce depressive-like behaviors in models such as the forced swim test. The main drugs of interest that upregulate allopregnanolone levels are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which present the neurosteroidogenic property even in lower, non-SSRI doses. Finally, we explore how these antidepressant-like behaviors are related to neurogenesis, particularly in the hippocampus. The protagonist in this mechanism is likely the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BFNF), which is decreased in animal models of depression and may be restored by the normalization of allopregnanolone levels. The role of an interaction between GABA and the neurotrophic mechanisms needs to be further investigated.



中文翻译:

Allopregnanolone在抑郁样行为中的作用:专注于神经营养蛋白。

Allopregnanolone(3α,5α-tetrahydroprogesterone;药物制剂:brexanolone)是一种神经甾体,最近已被批准用于治疗产后抑郁症,有望填补抑郁症药物治疗效果的长期空白。在这篇综述中,我们探索了表征Allopregnanolone的类抗抑郁药作用的实验研究,特别是在临床前研究中特别关注了这种神经甾体诱导的神经营养适应性。我们证明,在啮齿类动物的边缘脑区域中,由于社会隔离和慢性不可预知的压力,异戊四烯酮水平一直呈下降趋势。进一步,药物诱导的Allopregnanolone上调或其直接给药均可降低模型(如强迫游泳试验)中的抑郁样行为。上调四氢萘丙诺酮水平的主要关注药物是选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRIs),即使在较低的非SSRI剂量下,它也具有神经甾体生成特性。最后,我们探索这些抗抑郁样行为与神经发生,特别是在海马体中的关系。这种机制中的主角可能是脑源性神经营养因子(BFNF),在抑郁动物模型中该因子会降低,并且可以通过Allopregnanolone水平的正常化来恢复。GABA与神经营养机制之间相互作用的作用有待进一步研究。上调四氢萘丙诺酮水平的主要关注药物是选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRIs),即使在较低的非SSRI剂量下,它也具有神经甾体生成特性。最后,我们探索这些抗抑郁样行为与神经发生,特别是在海马体中的关系。这种机制中的主角可能是脑源性神经营养因子(BFNF),在抑郁动物模型中该因子会降低,并且可以通过Allopregnanolone水平的正常化来恢复。GABA与神经营养机制之间相互作用的作用有待进一步研究。上调四氢萘丙诺酮水平的主要关注药物是选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRIs),即使在较低的非SSRI剂量下,它也具有神经甾体生成特性。最后,我们探索这些抗抑郁样行为与神经发生,特别是在海马体中的关系。这种机制中的主角可能是脑源性神经营养因子(BFNF),在抑郁动物模型中该因子会降低,并且可以通过Allopregnanolone水平的正常化来恢复。GABA与神经营养机制之间相互作用的作用有待进一步研究。我们探讨了这些抗抑郁样行为与神经发生,特别是在海马体中的关系。这种机制中的主角可能是脑源性神经营养因子(BFNF),在抑郁动物模型中该因子会降低,并且可以通过Allopregnanolone水平的正常化来恢复。GABA与神经营养机制之间相互作用的作用有待进一步研究。我们探讨了这些抗抑郁样行为与神经发生,特别是在海马体中的关系。这种机制中的主角可能是脑源性神经营养因子(BFNF),在抑郁动物模型中该因子会降低,并且可以通过Allopregnanolone水平的正常化来恢复。GABA与神经营养机制之间相互作用的作用有待进一步研究。

更新日期:2020-04-09
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