The fusion of two transcriptionally silent gametes, egg and sperm, generates a totipotent zygote that activates zygotic transcription to support further development. Although the molecular details of zygotic genome activation (ZGA) are not well understood in most species, an emerging concept is that one or more pioneer transcription factors trigger zygotic transcription. Concomitantly, extensive changes in 3D chromatin organization occur during development. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding when and how genome architecture emerges in early metazoan embryos, how the zygotic genome is activated, and how these events might be coordinated. We also highlight some of the unknowns that may be critical to address in the future.

中文翻译：

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基因组结构和合子基因组激活的出现。


卵子和精子这两个转录沉默配子的融合产生全能合子，该合子激活合子转录以支持进一步发育。尽管大多数物种中合子基因组激活（ZGA）的分子细节尚未得到充分了解，但一个新兴概念是一个或多个先锋转录因子触发合子转录。与此同时，3D 染色质组织在发育过程中会发生广泛的变化。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了在了解早期后生动物胚胎中基因组结构何时以及如何出现、合子基因组如何激活以及如何协调这些事件方面的最新进展。我们还强调了一些未来可能至关重要的未知因素。