ABSTRACT

Rotating and permanent night shiftwork schedules typically result in acute and sometimes chronic sleep deprivation plus acute and sometimes chronic disruption of the circadian time structure. Immune system processes and functionalities are organized as circadian rhythms, and they are also strongly influenced by sleep status. Sleep is a vital behavioral state of living beings and a modulator of immune function and responsiveness. Shiftworkers show increased risk for developing viral infections due to possible compromise of both innate and acquired immunity responses. Short sleep and sleep loss, common consequences of shiftwork, are associated with altered integrity of the immune system. We discuss the possible excess risk for COVID-19 infection in the context of the common conditions among shiftworkers, including nurses, doctors, and first responders, among others of high exposure to the contagion, of sleep imbalance and circadian disruption.

Abbreviations

ACE2: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; APC: Antigen.-presenting .cells; CCL: Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand; CD⁺: .Adhesion molecule expression; COVID-19: 2019 coronavirus disease; DCs: Dendritic cells; GH: Growth hormone; HPA: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal; HSF: Heat shock factor; HSP70: Heat shock protein 70; HSP90: Heat shock protein 90; IL: Interleukin; INFγ: Interferon-gamma; LT/LB: T/B lymphocytes; MHC: Major histocompatibility complex; NK: Natural .killer; RAAS: renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system; SARS: .Severe acute respiratory syndrome; SCN: Suprachiasmatic nucleus;SD: Sleep deprivation; SNS: Sympathetic nervous system; Th1/Th2: T helper lymphocytes 1/2; TLR2/TLR4: Toll-like receptor 2/4; TNF-α: Tumor .necrosis .factor alpha; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor

中文翻译：

---

睡眠不足以及夜间和轮班工作人员的昼夜节律紊乱是否会使他们极易感染2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）？

摘要

轮换和永久性夜班计划通常会导致急性睡眠剥夺，有时甚至是慢性睡眠剥夺，以及对生物钟时间结构的急性甚至有时慢性破坏。免疫系统的过程和功能被组织为昼夜节律，并且它们也受到睡眠状态的强烈影响。睡眠是生物的重要行为状态，是免疫功能和反应能力的调节剂。轮班工作人员显示，由于先天和后天免疫反应可能受到损害，因此发生病毒感染的风险增加。轮班工作的常见后果是短暂的睡眠和失眠与免疫系统完整性的改变有关。我们将在轮班工作人员（包括护士，医生，

缩略语

ACE2：血管紧张素转化酶2；APC：抗原呈递细胞。CCL：趋化因子（CC基序）配体；CD ⁺：粘附分子表达；COVID-19：2019年冠状病毒病; DC：树突状细胞；GH：生长激素；HPA：下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺；HSF：热冲击系数；HSP70：热激蛋白70；HSP90：热激蛋白90；IL：白介素；INFγ：γ-干扰素；LT / LB：T / B淋巴细胞；MHC：主要组织相容性复合体；NK：自然杀手；RAAS：肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统；严重急性呼吸系统综合症；SCN：视交叉上核； SD：睡眠剥夺；SNS：交感神经系统；Th1 / Th2：T辅助淋巴细胞1/2；TLR2 / TLR4：Toll样受体2/4；TNF-α：肿瘤坏死因子α；VEGF：血管内皮生长因子