Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disease that affects up to 20 % of the paediatric population worldwide. Staphylococcus aureus colonizes anterior nares and can be transmitted in the home environment, aggravating AD. This study aimed to detect S. aureus from nares of AD patients and their family contacts, as well as to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance, virulence and clonality of these isolates. Among the 48 family groups investigated, 30 groups were selected, as both the child and his/her respective contact had methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) (24 cases; 54 MSSA isolates) or methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates (6 cases; 13 MRSA isolates). All MRSA isolates carried SCCmec IV. S. aureus carrying PVL genes were detected in 60 % of patients. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis was performed for 31 isolates from 15 family groups: all 6 with MRSA and 9 with MSSA isolates. Similar genotypic profiles between isolates from patients and their family contacts were noted in 10 (66.6 %) family groups, 5 (83.3 %) of the MRSA family groups and 5 (55.5 %) of the MSSA family groups, indicating that the pathogen was transmitted through family contacts.

中文翻译：

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金黄色葡萄球菌鼻分离物在特应性皮炎小儿患者及其密切接触者中可能具有相同的遗传特征。

特应性皮炎（AD）是一种慢性皮肤病，影响了全世界20％的儿科人口。金黄色葡萄球菌定居于前鼻孔，可在家庭环境中传播，加重AD。这项研究旨在从AD患者的鼻孔及其家人中检测出金黄色葡萄球菌，并评估这些分离株的抗药性，毒力和克隆性。在调查的48个家庭组中，选择了30个组，因为孩子和他/她各自的接触者均对甲氧西林敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）（24例； 54个MSSA分离株）或耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）分离株（6例； 13个MRSA分离株）。所有MRSA分离株均带有SCCmec IV。在60％的患者中检测到带有PVL基因的金黄色葡萄球菌。对来自15个家庭组的31个分离株进行了脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）分析：全部6个带有MRSA，而9个带有MSSA分离株。在10个（66.6％）家庭组，5个（83.3％）MRSA家庭组和5个（55.5％）MSSA家庭组中，发现了来自患者及其家人的分离株之间相似的基因型谱，表明病原体已传播通过家庭联系。