SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus that is the causative agent of coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19). As of 17 April 2020, it has infected 2 114 269 people, resulting in 145 144 deaths. The timing, magnitude and longevity of humoral immunity is not yet understood for SARS-CoV-2. Nevertheless, understanding this is urgently required to inform the likely future dynamics of the pandemic, to guide strategies to allow relaxation of social distancing measures and to understand how to deploy limiting vaccine doses when they become available to achieve maximum impact. SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh human coronavirus to be described. Four human coronaviruses circulate seasonally and cause common colds. Two other coronaviruses, SARS and MERS, have crossed from animal sources into humans but have not become endemic. Here we review what is known about the human humoral immune response to epidemic SARS CoV and MERS CoV and to the seasonal, endemic coronaviruses. Then we summarize recent, mostly non-peer reviewed, studies into SARS-CoV-2 serology and reinfection in humans and non-human primates and summarize current pressing research needs.

中文翻译：

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SARS-CoV-2 感染后体液免疫反应的动态以及再次感染的可能性。

SARS-CoV-2 是一种新型冠状病毒，是 2019 年冠状病毒传染病 (COVID-19) 的病原体。截至2020年4月17日，已感染2 114 269人，导致145 144人死亡。SARS-CoV-2 体液免疫的时间、强度和持续时间尚不清楚。然而，迫切需要了解这一点，以便了解大流行未来可能的动态，指导放宽社交距离措施的策略，并了解如何在疫苗可用时部署限制疫苗剂量以实现最大影响。SARS-CoV-2 是第七种被描述的人类冠状病毒。四种人类冠状病毒季节性传播并引起普通感冒。另外两种冠状病毒，SARS 和 MERS，已从动物来源传播到人类，但尚未成为地方性流行病。在这里，我们回顾了人类对流行性 SARS 冠状病毒和中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒以及季节性地方性冠状病毒的体液免疫反应的已知情况。然后，我们总结了近期关于人类和非人类灵长类动物 SARS-CoV-2 血清学和再感染的研究，大部分是未经同行评审的，并总结了当前紧迫的研究需求。