This study aimed to investigate the impacts of guar gum and cellulose as the source of dietary fiber during gestation on the reproductive performance of sows. A total of 210 sows (parities 3–6) were randomly allocated into six diets (n = 35) throughout gestation to feed graded levels of dietary fiber (DF), including a corn-soybean meal-based control diet with no wheat bran inclusion (CON, 12.5% DF), a wheat bran-rich diet (DF1, 17.4% DF), and another 4 diets (DF2, 17.7% DF; DF3, 18.1% DF; DF4, 18.4% DF; DF5, 18.8% DF) in which wheat bran were equally substituted by 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% purified FIBER MIX (guar gum and cellulose, 1:4). All sows received similar DE and other nutrients throughout gestation. DF treatment during gestation resulted in normal fecal score (1 to 5 with 1 = dry and 5 = watery) in sows compared with those received the CON diet (P < 0.05). The number of total born piglets had a tendency to be affected by dietary treatment (P = 0.07), and correlation analysis revealed a linear response of total born to dietary fiber levels during gestation (P < 0.01). Sows received the DF2, DF3, and DF5 diets during gestation had a greater ADFI during lactation compared with those in the CON group (P < 0.05) without affecting the daily body weight gain of suckling piglets. Gut microbiota compositions were dramatically changed by the gestation stage and some of those were changed by DF inclusion. Fecal acetate, propionate, and butyrate of sows were markedly increased in late gestation, and butyrate contents in feces of gestating sows were significantly affected by DF levels (P < 0.01). Serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory TNF-α were decreased and anti-inflammatory IL-10 was increased on day 30 of gestation by DF levels (P < 0.05). In summary, increasing dietary fiber levels by guar gum and cellulose during gestation improved the reproductive performance of sows, which might be related to changes in immunity and gut microbiota of sows.

中文翻译：

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在妊娠期添加纯化的膳食纤维可提高母猪的繁殖性能。

本研究旨在调查瓜尔豆胶和纤维素作为妊娠期膳食纤维来源对母猪繁殖性能的影响。共有 210 头母猪（第 3-6 胎）在整个妊娠期间被随机分配到六种日粮（n = 35）中，以饲喂分级水平的膳食纤维（DF），包括以玉米-豆粕为基础的对照日粮，不含麦麸（CON，12.5% DF）、富含麦麸的日粮（DF1，17.4% DF）和另外 4 种日粮（DF2，17.7% DF；DF3，18.1% DF；DF4，18.4% DF；DF5，18.8% DF ) 其中麦麸被 1%、2%、3% 和 4% 纯化的 FIBER MIX（瓜尔豆胶和纤维素，1:4）同等替代。所有母猪在整个妊娠期间都接受了相似的 DE 和其他营养物质。与接受 CON 日粮的母猪相比，妊娠期 DF 处理的母猪粪便评分正常（1 至 5，1 = 干，5 = 水样）（P < 0.05）。总出生仔猪数有受日粮处理影响的趋势（P = 0.07），相关分析显示妊娠期间总出生仔猪对膳食纤维水平呈线性反应（P <0.01）。妊娠期采食DF2、DF3和DF5日粮的母猪在哺乳期的ADFI高于CON组（P < 0.05），且不影响哺乳仔猪日增重。肠道微生物群组成在妊娠阶段发生了显着变化，其中一些因 DF 的加入而发生了变化。妊娠后期母猪粪便中醋酸盐、丙酸盐和丁酸盐明显增加，DF水平显着影响妊娠母猪粪便中丁酸盐和丁酸盐的含量（P < 0.01）。DF 水平在妊娠第 30 天血清促炎 TNF-α 浓度降低，抗炎 IL-10 升高（P < 0.05）。总之，在妊娠期通过瓜尔豆胶和纤维素增加膳食纤维水平可以改善母猪的繁殖性能，这可能与母猪免疫力和肠道菌群的变化有关。