INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by chronic inflammation, in which different types of immune cells participate, such as TH17 cells and Treg cells. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between Treg and Th17 in patients with different times of T2DM progression. MATERIAL AND METHODS Nineteen control subjects and 40 patients with T2DM were included. T2DM patients were classified into two groups: the first group consisted of twenty patients with less than10 years of disease progression (T2DM < 10), and the second group included 20 patients with a disease progression of 10 years or more (T2DM ≥ 10). Additionally, an analysis was performed according to the metabolic control, depending on HbA1c levels. The peripheral blood ratio of both Th17 and Treg cells was measured by standard flow cytometry protocols. RESULTS No significant difference was found in Th17 cells of patients with T2DM < 10 or T2DM ≥ 10 and controls. With respect to CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ and CD4+CD25h Treg cells, a significant decrease was observed in patients with T2DM ≥ 10, mainly in patients with poor or moderate metabolic control. Statistical analysis performed in all patients with T2DM revealed a decrease in three cell subsets as well a negative correlation between Th17 cells and total cholesterol, CD4+CD25h cells with glucose and HbA1c levels, while a positive correlation was observed between CD4+CD25h cells and BMI. CONCLUSIONS A decrease on both Treg and Th17 cell subsets in T2DM patients was observed suggesting that the metabolic decontrol and the progression time of T2DM could modify the proportions of Th17 and Treg cells.

中文翻译：

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2型糖尿病不同进展时间患者的Th17和调节性T细胞。

引言 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 以慢性炎症为特征，其中不同类型的免疫细胞参与其中，例如 TH17 细胞和 Treg 细胞。本研究的目的是确定 T2DM 进展时间不同的患者中 Treg 和 Th17 之间的关系。材料和方法 包括 19 名对照受试者和 40 名 T2DM 患者。T2DM 患者分为两组：第一组包括 20 名疾病进展小于 10 年（T2DM < 10）的患者，第二组包括 20 名疾病进展≥10 年（T2DM ≥ 10）的患者。此外，根据 HbA1c 水平，根据代谢控制进行分析。Th17 和 Treg 细胞的外周血比例通过标准流式细胞术方案测量。结果 T2DM < 10 或 T2DM ≥ 10 的患者与对照组的 Th17 细胞无显着差异。对于CD4+CD25+FoxP3+和CD4+CD25h Treg细胞，在≥10岁的T2DM患者中观察到明显减少，主要是在代谢控制不佳或中度的患者。对所有 T2DM 患者进行的统计分析显示，三个细胞亚群减少，Th17 细胞与总胆固醇、CD4+CD25h 细胞与葡萄糖和 HbA1c 水平呈负相关，而 CD4+CD25h 细胞与 BMI 呈正相关.