BackgroundThe Leuven Affect and Pleasure Scale (LAPS) was developed as an outcome measure in major depressive disorder (MDD) tha treflects patient treatment expectations. The present report investigates whether the LAPS negative affect, the LAPS positive affect, and the LAPS hedonic tone have added value on top of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) in explaining generic as well as patient-centered outcomes.MethodsA total of 109 outpatients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition, criteria for MDD were assessed over 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment. At baseline and after 2, 4, and 8 weeks, the LAPS, HAMD, Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and Sheehan Disability Scale were administered. The Clinical Global Impression of Improvement (CGI-I) and the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) were also administered at endpoint.ResultsChanges in LAPS negative affect, LAPS positive affect, and LAPS hedonic tone explain 14% of the additional variance in CGI-I, 21% in PGI-I, 37% in cognitive functioning, 32% in overall functioning, 31% in “my life is meaningful,” and 45% in “I feel happy.” Compared to standard scales (PANAS and SHAPS), the LAPS negative affect, LAPS positive affect, and LAPS hedonic tone differentiate better between different levels of CGI-I or PGI-I.ConclusionsThe LAPS has added value (on top of the HAMD) in explaining changes in both generic outcomes (CGI-I/PGI-I) and patient-centered dimensions. The LAPS negative and positive affects and the LAPS hedonic tone differentiate CGI-I and PGI-I scores better than corresponding scales supposed to cover the same domains.

中文翻译：

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抑郁症的结果（II）：超出汉密尔顿抑郁量表

背景鲁汶情感和快乐量表 (LAPS) 是作为重度抑郁症 (MDD) 的一种结果测量方法而开发的，它可以提高患者的治疗期望。本报告调查了 LAPS 负面影响、LAPS 积极影响和 LAPS 享乐基调是否在解释通用和以患者为中心的结果方面比汉密尔顿抑郁量表 (HAMD) 具有附加价值。方法总共 109 名门诊患者根据《精神疾病诊断和统计手册》第五版，在 8 周的抗抑郁治疗期间评估了 MDD 的标准。在基线和 2、4 和 8 周后，使用 LAPS、HAMD、Snaith-Hamilton 快乐量表 (SHAPS)、积极和消极影响量表 (PANAS) 和 Sheehan 残疾量表。临床整体改善印象 (CGI-I) 和患者整体改善印象 (PGI-I) 也在终点进行管理。结果 LAPS 负面影响、LAPS 正面影响和 LAPS 享乐基调的变化解释了 14% 的额外差异在 CGI-I 中，21% 在 PGI-I 中，37% 在认知功能中，32% 在整体功能中，31% 在“我的生活很有意义”，45% 在“我感到快乐”。与标准量表（PANAS 和 SHAPS）相比，LAPS 负面情感、LAPS 正面情感和 LAPS 享乐语调更好地区分不同级别的 CGI-I 或 PGI-I。结论 LAPS 在 HAMD 方面具有附加值（在 HAMD 之上）解释通用结果（CGI-I/PGI-I）和以患者为中心的维度的变化。