Hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride membrane was reformed to the hydrophilic membrane by incorporating synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles using Cajanus cajan seed extract. Spectroscopic and microscopic techniques characterized the composite membrane. The X-ray diffraction confirms the anatase phase of titanium dioxide nanoparticles of crystalline size 15.89 nm. The effect of titanium dioxide concentration on the thermodynamical and rheological properties on the polyvinylidene fluoride casting solution was investigated by the triangle phase diagram and viscosity measurement. It was concluded that titanium dioxide introduction caused thermodynamic enhancement, but the impact of rheological hinderance was higher at high concentrations. The polyvinylidene fluoride/titanium dioxide membranes were used as a bi-functional membrane to evaluate the rejection of chromium (VI) from wastewater; then, they were applied as sunlight-active catalyst membrane to reduce the concentrated chromium (VI) to chromium (III) by reduction. It was concluded that at 0.02 wt% of titanium dioxide, the maximum rejection of 85.59% and a% reduction of 92% was achieved with enhanced flux.

通过使用Cajanus cajan掺入合成的二氧化钛纳米粒子，将疏水性聚偏二氟乙烯膜重整为亲水性膜种子提取物。光谱和显微技术表征了复合膜。X 射线衍射证实了晶体尺寸为 15.89 nm 的二氧化钛纳米粒子的锐钛矿相。通过三角相图和粘度测量研究了二氧化钛浓度对聚偏氟乙烯浇注液热力学和流变性能的影响。得出的结论是，二氧化钛的引入引起了热力学增强，但流变阻力的影响在高浓度下更高。聚偏二氟乙烯/二氧化钛膜用作双功能膜来评估废水中铬 (VI) 的截留率；然后，它们被用作阳光活性催化剂膜，通过还原将浓缩的铬 (VI) 还原为铬 (III)。得出的结论是，在 0.02 wt% 的二氧化钛，最大排斥率为 85.59% 和通过增强通量实现了 92%的% 减少。