OBJECTIVE:To evaluate skeletal and dental changes in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and facial asymmetry after surgical-orthodontic treatment using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT). METHODS:This study included forty adult patients diagnosed with skeletal Class III malocclusion and asymmetry who underwent either isolated mandibular surgery or bimaxillary surgery. CBCT scans were taken before treatment (T0), at the completion of presurgical orthodontic treatment (T1) and after treatment (T2). Mimics 17.0 and 3-Matics 7.0 were used to measure skeletal and dental parameters. Skeletal and dental changes within each group from pretreatment to posttreatment were assessed, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations among skeletal changes. RESULTS:The three-dimensional changes in condylar position were insignificant after surgical-orthodontic treatment in either group (P > 0.05). However, in the one-jaw surgery group, there were significant backward rotations of the condyle and ramus on the nondeviated side (P < 0.05), and the condyle on the deviated side rotated inward and forward significantly in the two-jaw surgery group (P < 0.05) at T2. There were no significant differences in the changes in the total alveolar bone thickness of bilateral first molars during dental decompensation (P > 0.05). The ratio between the buccal and the total bone thickness around the maxillary first molar on the deviated side decreased significantly at T1, as did those around the mandibular first molar on the nondeviated side (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Condylar angulations were less stable after treatment (7 to 9 months after surgery) in both the one-jaw and the two-jaw surgery groups, while condylar displacements were insignificant. In addition, orthodontists should keep a watchful eye to the relative position of the root in the alveolar bone during tooth decompensation.

中文翻译：

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外科正畸治疗后骨骼III类错合和面部不对称患者骨骼和牙齿变化的三维评估。

目的：使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）评估外科正畸治疗后骨骼 III 类错牙合和面部不对称患者的骨骼和牙齿变化。方法：这项研究包括 40 名被诊断为骨骼 III 类错牙合和不对称的成年患者，他们接受了孤立的下颌手术或双颌手术。在治疗前（T0）、术前正畸治疗完成时（T1）和治疗后（T2）进行CBCT扫描。Mimics 17.0 和 3-Matics 7.0 用于测量骨骼和牙齿参数。评估各组治疗前至治疗后的骨骼和牙齿变化，并采用Pearson相关分析分析骨骼变化之间的相关性。结果：两组患者经正畸治疗后髁突位置的三维变化均不显着（P > 0.05）。然而，单颌手术组非偏斜侧髁突和支骨有明显的后旋（P < 0.05），双颌手术组偏斜侧髁突内旋和前旋显着（P < 0.05）。 P < 0.05) 在 T2。失代偿期双侧第一磨牙牙槽骨总厚度变化无显着性差异（P > 0.05）。T1 时，偏斜侧上颌第一磨牙周围颊侧骨厚度与总骨厚度的比值显着降低，非偏斜侧下颌第一磨牙周围的骨厚度也显着降低（P < 0.05）。结论：单颌和双颌手术组的髁突角度在治疗后（术后 7 至 9 个月）均不太稳定，而髁突位移不显着。此外，在牙齿失代偿期间，正畸医生应密切注意牙根在牙槽骨中的相对位置。