Abstract

Background:

Gait impairments are common and highly disabling for Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. With the development of technology-based tools, it is now possible to measure the spatiotemporal parameters of gait with a reduced margin of error, thereby enabling a more accurate characterization of impairment.

Objective:

To summarize and critically appraise the characteristics of technology-based gait analysis in PD and to provide mean and standard deviation values for spatiotemporal gait parameters.

Methods:

A systematic review was conducted using the databases CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and PEDro from their inception to September 2019 to identify all observational and experimental studies conducted in PD or atypical parkinsonism that included a technology-based gait assessment. Two reviewers independently screened citations and extracted data.

Results:

We included 95 studies, 82.1% (n = 78) reporting a laboratory gait assessment and 61.1% (n = 58 studies) using a wearable sensor. The most frequently reported parameters were gait velocity, stride and step length, and cadence. A statistically significant difference was found when comparing the mean values of each of these parameters in PD patients versus healthy controls. No statistically significant differences were found in the mean value of the parameters when comparing wearable versus non-wearable sensors, different types of wearable sensors, and different sensor locations.

Conclusion:

Our results provide useful information for performing objective technology-based gait assessment in PD, as well as mean values to better interpret the results. Further studies should explore the clinical meaningfulness of each parameter and how they behave in a free-living context and throughout disease progression.

中文翻译：

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帕金森病的步态运动参数：系统评价。

摘要

背景：

步态障碍对于帕金森病 (PD) 患者来说很常见，而且会严重致残。随着基于技术的工具的发展，现在可以以减少的误差幅度测量步态的时空参数，从而能够更准确地表征损伤。

目标：

总结和批判性评价 PD 中基于技术的步态分析的特征，并提供时空步态参数的平均值和标准偏差值。

方法：

使用数据库 CENTRAL、MEDLINE、Embase 和 PEDro 从成立到 2019 年 9 月进行了系统评价，以确定在 PD 或非典型帕金森病中进行的所有观察性和实验性研究，其中包括基于技术的步态评估。两名审稿人独立筛选引文并提取数据。

结果：

我们纳入了 95 项研究，其中 82.1% ( n  = 78) 报告了实验室步态评估，61.1% ( n  = 58 研究) 使用了可穿戴传感器。最常报告的参数是步态速度、步幅和步长以及节奏。当比较 PD 患者与健康对照中每个参数的平均值时，发现了统计学上的显着差异。在比较可穿戴和非可穿戴传感器、不同类型的可穿戴传感器和不同传感器位置时，参数的平均值没有发现统计学上的显着差异。

结论：

我们的结果为在 PD 中进行基于技术的客观步态评估提供了有用的信息，以及更好地解释结果的平均值。进一步的研究应该探索每个参数的临床意义以及它们在自由生活环境中和整个疾病进展过程中的表现。