In recent decades, functional foods with ingredients comprising probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics have been gaining a lot of attention from scientists. Probiotics and postbiotics are usually applied in pharmaceutical formulations and/or commercial food-based products. These bioactive agents can be associated with host eukaryotic cells and have a key role in maintaining and restoring host health. The review describes the concept of postbiotics, their quality control and potential applications in pharmaceutical formulations and commercial food-based products for health promotion, prevention of disease and complementary treatment. Despite the effectiveness of probiotic products, researchers have introduced the concept of postbiotic to optimize their beneficial effects as well as to meet the needs of consumers to provide a safe product. The finding of recent studies suggests that postbiotics might be appropriate alternative agents for live probiotic cells and can be applied in medical, veterinary and food practice to prevent and to treat some diseases, promote animal health status and develop functional foods. Presently scientific literature confirms that postbiotics, as potential alternative agents, may have superiority in terms of safety relative to their parent live cells, and due to their unique characteristics in terms of clinical, technological and economical aspects, can be applied as promising tools in the drug and food industry for developing health benefits, and therapeutic aims.

近几十年来，功能性食品中含有益生菌，益生元和益生元的成分，引起了科学家的广泛关注。益生菌和益生菌通常应用于药物制剂和/或基于食品的商业产品。这些生物活性剂可与宿主真核细胞缔合，并在维持和恢复宿主健康中发挥关键作用。这篇综述描述了益生元的概念，其质量控制以及在药物制剂和商业食品中用于促进健康，预防疾病和辅助治疗的潜在应用。尽管益生菌产品有效，研究人员还是引入了后生菌的概念，以优化其有益效果并满足消费者提供安全产品的需求。最近的研究发现表明，益生元可能是活益生菌细胞的合适替代药物，可以应用于医学，兽医和食品实践中，以预防和治疗某些疾病，改善动物健康状况并开发功能性食品。目前的科学文献证实，作为潜在的替代药物，后生素相对于其母体活细胞在安全性方面可能具有优势，并且由于其在临床，技术和经济方面的独特特性，可以将其用作有前景的工具。药品和食品工业，以开发健康益处和治疗目的。兽医和食品实践，以预防和治疗某些疾病，改善动物健康状况并开发功能性食品。目前的科学文献证实，作为潜在的替代药物，后生素相对于其亲代活细胞在安全性方面可能具有优势，并且由于其在临床，技术和经济方面的独特特性，可以在生物技术中用作有前途的工具。药品和食品工业，以开发健康益处和治疗目的。兽医和食品实践，以预防和治疗某些疾病，改善动物健康状况并开发功能性食品。目前的科学文献证实，作为潜在的替代药物，后生素相对于其亲代活细胞在安全性方面可能具有优势，并且由于其在临床，技术和经济方面的独特特性，可以在生物技术中用作有前途的工具。药品和食品工业，以开发健康益处和治疗目的。