Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an advanced autoimmune disease described by joint involvement. The special properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) introduced them as a potential therapeutic candidate for RA. In this study, a single dose of autologous MSCs isolated from bone marrow (autologous BM-MSCs, 1 × 106 per kg) was injected intravenously into 13 patients suffering from refractory RA who were followed up within 12 months after the intervention to evaluate immunological elements. Our results showed that the gene expression of forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) considerably increased at month 12. We found a substantial increasing trend in the culture supernatant levels of IL-10 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) in PBMCs from the beginning of the intervention up to the end. Our data may reflect the sufficient immunoregulatory effect of autologous BM-MSCs on regulatory T cells in patients suffering from refractory RA.

中文翻译：

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自体骨髓源间充质干细胞移植对难治性类风湿关节炎患者的调节性T细胞的足够的免疫调节作用。

类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种以关节受累为特征的晚期自身免疫性疾病。间充质干细胞（MSCs）的特殊性质使它们成为RA的潜在治疗候选物。在这项研究中，从13例难治性RA患者中静脉注射了单剂量从骨髓中分离的自体MSC（自体BM-MSC，每千克1×106），在干预后12个月内进行了随访，以评估免疫学成分。我们的结果表明，在第12个月时，外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）中叉头盒P3（FOXP3）的基因表达显着增加。我们发现培养上清液中IL-10和转化生长因子-β1的表达呈显着增加趋势。从干预开始到结束，PBMC中的TGF-β1（TGF-β1）。