Transmission of viruses from one species to another is not unusual in nature. Despite this, evolutionarily successful transmissions are rare. Such events can cause pandemics and are followed by host–virus coevolution procedures that can increase the fitness potential of viruses. In this perspective article, I recognize eight main types of trans-species viral transmission. I consider two of them as evolutionarily successful, explaining why coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 could be one of them.

中文翻译：

---

动物到人类的病毒转化：SARS-CoV-2 在进化上是成功的吗？

病毒从一种物种传播到另一种物种在自然界中并不罕见。尽管如此，进化上成功的传输是罕见的。此类事件可能导致大流行，随后是宿主-病毒共同进化过程，可以增加病毒的适应潜力。在这篇观点文章中，我认识到了八种主要的跨物种病毒传播类型。我认为其中两个在进化上是成功的，这解释了为什么冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 可能是其中之一。