Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an imbalance in fatty acid composition and can progress from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Essential phospholipids (EPL), which contain high levels of 1,2‐dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine, can be used to treat NAFLD. Polyenylphosphatidylcholine (PPC) preparations are external, commercially available EPL products. The lipid composition of five commercially available PPC preparations, including Essentiale Forte, Fortifikat, Hepatoprotect Regenerator, Fortifikat Forte, and Esentin Forte were compared, the outcome of which may impact physician choice in the treatment of NAFLD. Following lipid extraction, a comparative analysis of key lipid content was performed using a QTRAP6500+ triple quadruple ion trap hybrid mass spectrometer (Sciex) in nanoelectrospray ionization mode. The glycerophospholipid composition of each PPC was determined, including levels of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) species, as well as PtdCho:PtdEtn ratio. Of the five preparations analyzed, Essentiale Forte contained the highest PtdCho levels (61.9 mol%) and lowest PtdEtn levels (4.9 mol%). PtdCho 36:4 levels, a polyunsaturated species of PtdCho, were highest in Esentin Forte (39.3 mol%) and Essentiale Forte (38.3 mol%) compared with other PPCs (28.7–35.8 mol%). Levels of lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidic acid, and phosphatidylglycerol were low in all five preparations. Lipid composition was consistent between the preparations. The high PtdCho:PtdEtn ratio composition of Essentiale Forte compared with the other PPC analyzed, as well as the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids, suggest it could be the most clinically beneficial commercially available hepatoprotective product in the treatment of NAFLD.

中文翻译：

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用于治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病的五种基本磷脂制品的脂质谱：比较研究。

非酒精性脂肪肝疾病（NAFLD）与脂肪酸组成失衡有关，并可从单纯性脂肪变性发展为脂肪性肝炎，肝硬化和肝细胞癌。必需磷脂（EPL）包含高水平的1,2-二亚油酰基磷脂酰胆碱，可用于治疗NAFLD。聚磷脂酰胆碱（PPC）制剂是外部可商购的EPL产品。比较了五种市售PPC制剂的脂质成分，其中包括Essentiale Forte，Fortifikat，Hepatoprotect Regenerator，Fortifikat Forte和Esentin Forte，其结果可能会影响NAFLD治疗中医师的选择。提取脂质后，使用QTRAP6500 +三重四重离子阱混合质谱仪（Sciex）在纳米电喷雾电离模式下对关键脂质含量进行了比较分析。确定每个PPC的甘油磷脂组成，包括磷脂酰胆碱（PtdCho）和磷脂酰乙醇胺（PtdEtn）种类的水平，以及PtdCho：PtdEtn比率。在分析的五种制剂中，Essentiale Forte的PtdCho含量最高（61.9 mol％），而PtdEtn含量最低（4.9 mol％）。与其他PPC（28.7–35.8 mol％）相比，Esentin Forte（39.3 mol％）和Essentiale Forte（38.3 mol％）的PtdCho多不饱和物种PtdCho 36：4含量最高。在所有五种制剂中，溶血磷脂酰胆碱，磷脂酰肌醇，磷脂酸和磷脂酰甘油的水平均较低。制剂之间的脂质组成是一致的。与其他分析的PPC相比，Essentiale Forte的PtdCho：PtdEtn高比例组成以及多不饱和脂肪酸的存在表明，它可能是NAFLD治疗中临床上最有益的市售肝保护产品。