ABSTRACT Advances in NGS sequencing technologies, improved laboratory protocols and new bioinformatic workflows have seen huge increases in ancient DNA (aDNA) research on archaeological materials. A large proportion of aDNA work now utilizes the petrous portion of the temporal bone (pars petrosa), which is recognized as an excellent skeletal element for long-term ancient endogenous (host) DNA survival. This has been significant due to the often low endogenous content of other skeletal elements, meaning that large amounts of sequencing are frequently required to obtain sufficient genetic coverage. However, exclusive sampling of the petrous for aDNA analysis introduces a new set of potential biases into our scientific studies – and these issues are yet to be considered by ancient DNA researchers. This paper aims to outline the possible biases of utilizing petrous bones to undertake aDNA analyses and highlight how these complications may potentially be overcome in future research.

中文翻译：

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有问题吗？在古代DNA分析中使用pars petrosa的潜在偏见的考虑

摘要NGS测序技术的进步，改进的实验室规程和新的生物信息学工作流程已使古代DNA（aDNA）对考古材料的研究大大增加。现在，aDNA的大部分工作都利用颞骨的小部分（pars petrosa），这被认为是古代远古内源（宿主）DNA存活的极佳骨骼元素。由于其他骨骼元素的内源性含量通常较低，因此这很重要，这意味着经常需要进行大量测序才能获得足够的遗传覆盖率。但是，仅对少量石油进行aDNA分析采样会给我们的科学研究带来一系列新的潜在偏见-古代DNA研究人员尚未考虑这些问题。