I see a young Latina holding an expensive 35 mm camera, acquired by income earned by her and her mom who disrupted the household patriarchy to make their own street vending business. During the Spanish Flu, farmers markets and public markets attracted people until illness finally disrupted their operations. A robust society is like a healthy ecology, constantly being disrupted by differentiations that alter habitual interactions, cause reactions, and create new interactions in new niches. COVID-19 is the reality of that principle in action—mutation is endemic and permits fitness to host environments. Ultimately these mutations complement an existing spirit of a time or slowly replaces it. For instance, the financial crash of 2008 squeezed out the remaining inefficiencies of late capitalism in the U.S. in favor of a spirit of hyper-individualism focused on employment in service and technology, the products of both being largely focused on the individual. However, farmers markets, swap meets, and the like were continuing to foster a distinct spirit, starting with the farmer or hobbyist practicing their craft, seeking effective use of materials, replenishing soils, and conserving the taste of a region, while attending to new immigrants, people’s purposes, and new perceptions of place. The spirit of marketplaces is one of ambition and effectiveness in contrast to efficiency and complexity. Modern society fosters efficiency, that produces a mechanistically complex society, which reduces people to economic moments in production processes. Marketplaces foster complete communities, making social tempos and spaces appropriate to the many roles people play and to their interactions with farming, family life, or other activities intersecting in those spaces. People purchase farm and craft products, but at the market they produce and partake of experiences that make society. Visitors see each other, learn from demonstrations, and perhaps share their skills with each other. Visitors also observe vendors and can ask about how the product came to be. Today, government co-produces safety and fosters social and economic health in these spaces by working with market managers to produce guidelines for farmers markets. Even store-front retail, historically born in markets, seeks new opportunities in them today. The reemergence of farmers markets in the 1960s and 1970s embodied bioregionalism. Today, bioregional concerns prompt the integration of economic, political, and regulatory efforts on behalf of sustainability. Likewise, COVID may hasten socio-economic reorganization at different geopolitical scales. We will see. Meanwhile, farmers markets in Wisconsin, my home state, are deemed essential services, and Dane County has 27 farmers markets in the summer, two are less than a mile from my house and not a neighborhood in Madison is more than two miles from a market. Likewise, around the country, food trucks, urban and rural farmers, and artisans will continue to find retail opportunities at markets. More important, markets will continue to produce cosmopolitan people, varying in why they visit, what they do, and how they see and learn from each other at marketplaces. So, instead of being killed by COVID or late capitalism, marketplaces around the world, in industrialized countries or otherwise, produce resilience and responsiveness to catastrophic events, fostering opportunities for women marginalized in households or immigrants marginalized at their destinations or local businesses and farmers. In the U.S. some 9000 farmers markets make for place-based resilience. Many states have declared farmers markets as essential services and those are adapting swiftly by experimenting with guidance from government, as well as technologies, physical and online, to support safe transactions. The public remains engaged and hopeful, not only for products, but in support of values, places to hold forth with others, and foster community. We know trade in goods and services has united the planet for thousands of years. We should not reject international This article is part of the Topical Collection: Agriculture, Food & Covid-19.

中文翻译：

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分化或消亡：重构市场（地方）经济

我看到一个年轻的拉丁裔拿着昂贵的 35 毫米相机，她和她的妈妈打破了家庭父权制，开始了自己的街头贩卖生意。在西班牙流感期间，农贸市场和公共市场吸引了人们，直到疾病最终扰乱了他们的运营。一个强大的社会就像一个健康的生态系统，不断地被差异化所破坏，这些差异会改变习惯性的互动，引起反应，并在新的生态位中创造新的互动。COVID-19 是该原则在行动中的现实——突变是地方性的，并允许适应宿主环境。最终，这些突变补充了一个时代的现有精神，或者慢慢地取代它。例如，2008 年的金融危机消除了美国晚期资本主义剩余的低效率 支持专注于服务和技术就业的超个人主义精神，两者的产品都主要关注个人。然而，农贸市场、交流会等仍在继续培养一种独特的精神，从农民或业余爱好者实践他们的手艺开始，寻求材料的有效利用，补充土壤，保护一个地区的味道，同时关注新的移民、人们的目的和对地方的新认识。与效率和复杂性相比，市场的精神是雄心和有效性之一。现代社会促进效率，产生一个机械复杂的社会，将人们减少到生产过程中的经济时刻。市场培育完整的社区，使社会节奏和空间适合人们扮演的许多角色以及他们与农业、家庭生活或在这些空间中相交的其他活动的互动。人们购买农产品和手工艺品，但在市场上他们生产并参与创造社会的经验。参观者可以看到对方，从示范中学习，或许还可以互相分享他们的技能。参观者还观察供应商，并可以询问产品是如何形成的。今天，政府通过与市场管理者合作为农贸市场制定指导方针，共同创造安全并促进这些空间的社会和经济健康。即使是历史上诞生于市场的店面零售，今天也在其中寻找新的机会。1960 年代和 1970 年代农贸市场的重新出现体现了生物区域主义。今天，生物区域问题促进了代表可持续性的经济、政治和监管努力的整合。同样，新冠病毒可能会加速不同地缘政治规模的社会经济重组。我们会看到。与此同时，我的家乡威斯康星州的农贸市场被认为是必不可少的服务，戴恩县在夏季有 27 个农贸市场，其中两个距离我家不到一英里，麦迪逊的一个社区距离市场不到两英里. 同样，在全国范围内，食品卡车、城乡农民和工匠将继续在市场上寻找零售机会。更重要的是，市场将继续产生国际化的人，他们访问的原因、他们的工作以及他们在市场上如何看待和相互学习的方式各不相同。因此，与其被新冠病毒或晚期资本主义杀死，世界各地的市场，无论是在工业化国家还是其他地方，都产生了对灾难性事件的复原力和反应能力，为在家庭中被边缘化的妇女或在目的地被边缘化的移民或当地企业和农民创造了机会。在美国，大约 9000 个农贸市场具有基于地方的弹性。许多州已将农贸市场宣布为基本服务，并且通过尝试政府的指导以及物理和在线技术来支持安全交易，这些服务正在迅速适应。公众仍然保持参与和希望，不仅是为了产品，而且是为了支持价值观、与他人保持联系的场所和促进社区。我们知道，商品和服务贸易已经使地球团结了数千年。