Background and Objective: Mycoplasmal pneumonia (MP) can lead to inflammation, multiple system immune damage, and mixed infection in children. The pathogenesis is still unclear. Shuang-Huang-Lian (SHL) oral liquid can treat acute upper respiratory tract infection, acute bronchitis and light pneumonia. However, our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms supporting its clinical application still lags behind due to the lack of researches. It is difficult to understand the overall sensitization mechanism of SHL oral liquid. The purpose is to explain the mechanism of action of drugs in this study, which is useful to ensure the safety of medication for children.

Methods: The therapeutic mechanism of SHL oral liquid was investigated by a system pharmacology approach integrating drug-likeness evaluation, oral bioavailability prediction, ADMET, protein-protein interaction worknet, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database pathway performance, C-T-P network construction and molecular docking.

Results: A total of 18 active ingredients contained in SHL oral liquid and 53 major proteins were screened out as effective players in the treatment of M. pneumoniae disease through some related pathways and molecular docking. The majority of targets, hubs and pathways were highly related to anti-mycoplasma therapy, immunity and inflammation process.

Conclusion: This study shows that the anti-bacterial effect of SHL oral liquid has multicomponent, multi-target and multi-pathway phenomena. The proposed approach may provide a feasible tool to clarify the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines and further develop their therapeutic potentials.

背景与目的：支原体肺炎（MP）可导致儿童发炎，多系统免疫损伤和混合感染。发病机理仍不清楚。双黄连（SHL）口服液可治疗急性上呼吸道感染，急性支气管炎和轻度肺炎。然而，由于缺乏研究，我们目前对支持其临床应用的分子机制的理解仍然落后。很难理解SHL口服液的总体致敏机制。目的是解释本研究中药物的作用机理，这对于确保儿童用药的安全性很有用。

方法：通过系统药理学方法研究SHL口服液的治疗机理，该方法结合了药物相似性评估，口服生物利用度预测，ADMET，蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用工作网，基因本体论富集分析，《京都议定书》全基因组和基因组数据库通路性能，CTP网络建设和分子对接。

结果：通过一些相关途径和分子对接，筛选出SHL口服液中包含的18种有效成分和53种主要蛋白作为治疗肺炎支原体疾病的有效参与者。大多数靶标，枢纽和途径与抗支原体治疗，免疫力和炎症过程高度相关。

结论：本研究表明，SHL口服液的抗菌作用具有多成分，多靶点，多途径的现象。所提出的方法可能为阐明中药的机理并进一步开发其治疗潜力提供可行的工具。