BackgroundPsychological resilience – positive psychological adaptation in the context of adversity – is defined and measured in multiple ways across disciplines. However, little is known about whether definitions capture the same underlying construct and/or share similar correlates. This study examined the congruence of different resilience measures and associations with sociodemographic factors and body mass index (BMI), a key health indicator.MethodsIn a cross-sectional sample of 1429 African American adults exposed to child maltreatment, we derived four resilience measures: a self-report scale assessing resiliency (perceived trait resilience); a binary variable defining resilience as low depression and posttraumatic stress (absence of distress); a binary variable defining resilience as low distress and high positive affect (absence of distress plus positive functioning); and a continuous variable reflecting individuals' deviation from distress levels predicted by maltreatment severity (relative resilience). Associations between resilience measures, sociodemographic factors, and BMI were assessed using correlations and regressions.ResultsResilience measures were weakly-to-moderately correlated (0.27–0.69), though similarly patterned across sociodemographic factors. Women showed higher relative resilience, but lower perceived trait resilience than men. Only measures incorporating positive affect or resiliency perceptions were associated with BMI: individuals classified as resilient by absence of distress plus positive functioning had lower BMI than non-resilient (β = −2.10, p = 0.026), as did those with higher perceived trait resilience (β = −0.63, p = 0.046).ConclusionRelatively low congruence between resilience measures suggests studies will yield divergent findings about predictors, prevalence, and consequences of resilience. Efforts to clearly define resilience are needed to better understand resilience and inform intervention and prevention efforts.

中文翻译：

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早期逆境后成人心理复原力的测量：不同测量的一致性如何？

背景心理复原力——逆境中的积极心理适应——在跨学科中以多种方式定义和衡量。然而，关于定义是否捕获相同的基础结构和/或共享相似的相关性，我们知之甚少。本研究检验了不同复原力措施的一致性以及与社会人口因素和身体质量指数 (BMI)（一项关键的健康指标）的关联。方法在 1429 名遭受虐待儿童的非裔美国成年人的横断面样本中，我们得出了四种复原力措施：自我报告量表评估弹性（感知特质弹性); 将复原力定义为低抑郁和创伤后压力的二元变量（没有痛苦); 一个二元变量，将复原力定义为低痛苦和高积极影响（没有痛苦加上积极的运作); 和一个连续变量，反映个体与虐待严重程度预测的痛苦水平的偏差（相对弹性）。使用相关性和回归评估复原力测量、社会人口因素和 BMI 之间的关联。结果复原力测量呈弱到中度相关（0.27-0.69），尽管在社会人口因素中的模式相似。女性表现更高相对弹性，但更低感知特质弹性比男人。只有纳入积极影响或弹性感知的测量与 BMI 相关：被归类为弹性的个体没有痛苦加上积极的运作BMI低于非弹性（β= -2.10,p= 0.026），与那些较高的感知特质弹性(β= -0.63,p= 0.046)。结论 复原力测量之间的一致性相对较低表明研究将得出关于复原力的预测因子、流行率和后果的不同发现。需要努力明确定义复原力，以更好地了解复原力并为干预和预防工作提供信息。