Background 

Symptom status is an important indicator of disease progression in patients with heart failure (HF). Perceived control is a target of most self-care interventions and is associated with better outcomes in HF; however, little is known about the relationship between perceived control and symptom status in patients with HF.

Objective 

The aims of this study were to (1) determine the relationship of perceived control to HF symptom status and (2) examine the associations of perceived control to self-care and of self-care to symptom status.

Methods 

A total of 115 patients with HF were included. Data on symptom status (Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-HF), perceived control (Control Attitudes Scale-Revised), and self-care (Self-Care of Heart Failure Index) were collected. Other covariates included were age, gender, New York Heart Association class, comorbidity burden, and depressive symptoms. Multiple regression analyses were performed to analyze the data.

Results 

Lower perceived control predicted worse symptom status after controlling for covariates (P = .009). Other covariates predictive of worse symptom status were younger age, New York Heart Association class III/IV, and higher levels of depressive symptoms. Higher levels of perceived control were associated with better self-care (P = .044). Better self-care was associated with better symptom status (P = .038).

Conclusions 

Lower levels of perceived control were independently associated with worse symptom status in patients with HF. Intervention strategies targeting perceived control should be tested to determine whether they could improve symptom status.

中文翻译：

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感知控制预测心力衰竭患者的症状状态。

背景 

症状状态是心力衰竭(HF)患者疾病进展的重要指标。感知控制是大多数自我保健干预的目标，并且与 HF 的更好结果相关；然而，对于 HF 患者的感知控制与症状状态之间的关系知之甚少。

客观的 

本研究的目的是 (1) 确定感知控制与 HF症状状态的关系，以及 (2) 检查感知控制与自我护理和自我护理与症状状态的关联。

方法 

共包括 115 名 HF 患者。数据上的症状状态（纪念症状评定量表-HF），感知控制（控制态度量表修订版），以及自我保健（自我保健的心力衰竭收集指数）。其他协变量包括年龄、性别、纽约心脏协会等级、合并症负担和抑郁症状。进行多元回归分析以分析数据。

结果 

在控制协变量后，较低的感知控制预测更差的症状状态( P = .009)。其他预测较差症状状态的协变量包括年龄较小、纽约心脏协会 III/IV 级和更高水平的抑郁症状。更高水平的感知控制与更好的自我护理相关（P = .044）。更好的自我保健与更好的症状状态相关( P = .038)。

结论 

较低水平的感知控制与 HF 患者的较差症状状态独立相关。应测试针对感知控制的干预策略，以确定它们是否可以改善症状状态。