Mushroom contains a wide variety of components with high immune-modulating properties. Mushroom polysaccharides are known as immunocorrectors with wide areas of usage, which balance the immune system without resulting in the entire immune suppression or overreaction. To explore the potentially immunomodulatory role of Climacodon pulcherrimus, the present study was intended to evaluate the in vitro immunomodulatory activity of C. pulcherrimus polysaccharides (CPP) on rat neutrophils and macrophages. CPP was studied on lipopolysaccharide-induced neutrophils and macrophages' responses. The effect on phagocytosis, release of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI), nitric oxide (NO), lysosomal enzyme release and neutrophil myeloperoxidase, and neutrophil adherence was assessed. The cytotoxicity of CPP against macrophages using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and neutral red inclusion assay was also assessed. ENPC (endopolysaccharides) markedly enhanced phagocytosis of macrophages and neutrophils, whereas the EXPC (exopolysaccharides) increased only that of neutrophils at 0.34 and 0.68 mg/mL. The production of NO evidently increased in ENPC- and EXPC-treated neutrophil and macrophage cultures. The production of ROI in a concentration-dependent manner increased in ENPC-treated (0.08–5.55 mg/mL) and EXPC-treated (0.17 and 0.34 mg/mL) macrophage cultures and ENPC-treated neutrophils, whereas it decreased in EXPC-treated neutrophils. The secretion of acid phosphatase increased in ENPC- and EXPC-treated macrophage and neutrophil cultures. Neutrophil myeloperoxidase release increased in EXPC-treated (5.55 mg/mL) cultures, whereas it decreased in ENPC-treated cultures. ENPC and EXPC increased the adhesion of neutrophils to microplate. These findings demonstrated that CPP displayed a dual mode of action, inhibiting or enhancing numerous phagocytic activities of macrophages and neutrophils.

中文翻译：

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Climacodon pulcherrimus（Phanerochaetaceae）粗多糖提取物在脂多糖诱导的大鼠巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞反应中的免疫活性。

蘑菇包含具有高免疫调节特性的多种成分。蘑菇多糖被称为具有广泛用途的免疫校正剂，可在不影响整个免疫抑制或过度反应的情况下平衡免疫系统。为探讨Climacodon pulcherrimus的潜在免疫调节作用，本研究旨在评估C. pulcherrimus的体外免疫调节活性。大鼠中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞上的多糖（CPP）。研究了CPP对脂多糖诱导的中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞反应的影响。评估了对吞噬作用，活性氧中间体（ROI）释放，一氧化氮（NO），溶酶体酶释放和嗜中性粒细胞过氧化物酶以及嗜中性粒细胞粘附的影响。还使用3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2、5-二苯基溴化四溴化铵测定法和中性红色夹杂物测定法评估了CPP对巨噬细胞的细胞毒性。ENPC（内多糖）显着增强巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞的吞噬作用，而EXPC（外多糖）仅在0.34和0.68 mg / mL时增加中性粒细胞的吞噬能力。在经ENPC和EXPC处理的嗜中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞培养物中，NO的产生明显增加。在ENPC处理的（0.08-5.55 mg / mL）和EXPC处理的（0.17和0.34 mg / mL）的巨噬细胞培养物和ENPC处理的中性粒细胞中，ROI的浓度依赖性增加，而EXPC处理的则减少中性粒细胞。酸性磷酸酶的分泌在经ENPC和EXPC处理的巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞培养物中增加。中性粒细胞髓过氧化物酶释放在EXPC处理（5.55 mg / mL）培养物中增加，而在ENPC处理培养物中则降低。ENPC和EXPC增加了中性粒细胞对微孔板的粘附。这些发现表明，CPP显示出双重作用方式，抑制或增强巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞的许多吞噬活性。而在EXPC处理的中性粒细胞中则有所下降。酸性磷酸酶的分泌在经ENPC和EXPC处理的巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞培养物中增加。中性粒细胞髓过氧化物酶释放在EXPC处理（5.55 mg / mL）培养物中增加，而在ENPC处理培养物中则降低。ENPC和EXPC增加了中性粒细胞对微孔板的粘附。这些发现表明，CPP显示出双重作用方式，抑制或增强巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞的许多吞噬活性。而在EXPC处理的中性粒细胞中则有所下降。酸性磷酸酶的分泌在经ENPC和EXPC处理的巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞培养物中增加。中性粒细胞髓过氧化物酶释放在EXPC处理（5.55 mg / mL）培养物中增加，而在ENPC处理培养物中则降低。ENPC和EXPC增加了中性粒细胞对微孔板的粘附。这些发现表明，CPP显示出双重作用方式，抑制或增强巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞的许多吞噬活性。