Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), a Capripoxvirus, is of economic importance in the cattle industry and is controlled by vaccination. A comparison was made of the host response to the two LSDV vaccines Neethling and Herbivac LS, with reference to the well-studied Orthopoxvirus, modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA), in a mouse model. Because the vaccines differ at the superoxide dismutase homologue (SOD) gene locus, recombinant SOD knock-out and knock-in nLSDV vaccines were constructed and all four vaccines were tested for the induction and inhibition of apoptosis. The SOD homologue was associated both with induction of apoptosis as well as inhibition of camptothecin-induced apoptosis. Histological analysis of chorioallantoic membranes of fertilized hens’ eggs infected with the four different vaccines indicated marked mesodermal proliferation associated with vaccines containing the full-length SOD homologue as well as increased immune cell infiltration. Our findings suggest that the SOD homologue may influence vaccine immunogenicity.

中文翻译：

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块状皮肤病病毒（LSDV）超氧化物歧化酶同源物对宿主转录活性，细胞凋亡和组织病理学的影响。

块状皮肤病病毒（LSDV）是一种Capripoxvirus病毒，在牛产业中具有重要的经济意义，并由疫苗控制。在小鼠模型中，参照经过充分研究的正痘病毒，改良的安卡拉痘苗病毒（MVA），比较了两种LSDV疫苗Neethling和Herbivac LS的宿主反应。由于疫苗在超氧化物歧化酶同源基因（SOD）基因位点不同，因此构建了重组SOD敲除和敲入nLSDV疫苗，并测试了所有四种疫苗的诱导和抑制凋亡作用。SOD同系物与凋亡的诱导以及喜树碱诱导的凋亡的抑制有关。四种不同疫苗感染的受精母鸡卵绒膜尿囊膜的组织学分析表明，与含有全长SOD同源物的疫苗相关的中胚层增殖显着，并且免疫细胞浸润增加。我们的发现表明，SOD同源物可能影响疫苗的免疫原性。