While the concept of 'stress' in the modern sense is a twentieth-century innovation, many of the symptoms we associate with the modern condition appear in historical materials going back many centuries. But how did premodern people understand and experience these symptoms and their relation to sleep? This study focuses on the rich materials from the central middle ages in Western Europe, a period during which understandings of the body, mind, emotions and sleep were radically different from the present. It analyses two examples, nightmares and insomnia, disease categories which illustrate medieval views of the impact of worries and anguish on sleep. Medical and other sources identified a number of ways in which the mind and body interacted with one another in complex ways which disrupted the humoral and mental balance of the individual.

中文翻译：

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具有历史意义的压力：中世纪的痛苦和失眠。

虽然现代意义上的“压力”概念是二十世纪的创新，但我们与现代状态相关的许多症状出现在可追溯到多个世纪的历史资料中。但是，前现代人如何理解和体验这些症状及其与睡眠的关系？这项研究的重点是西欧中部中世纪时期的丰富材料，在此期间，人们对身体，思想，情感和睡眠的理解与现在有了根本的不同。它分析了两个例子，噩梦和失眠，这两个疾病类别说明了中世纪关于忧虑和痛苦对睡眠的影响的观点。医学和其他资源确定了身心之间以复杂方式相互作用的多种方式，这些方式破坏了个体的身心平衡。