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Insomnia and the late nineteenth-century insomniac: the case of Albert Kimball.
Interface Focus ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-17 , DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2019.0074
Matthew Beaumont 1
Affiliation  

This article explores the emergence, in late nineteenth-century Britain and the USA, of the 'insomniac' as a distinct pathological and social archetype. Sleeplessness has of course been a human problem for millennia, but only since the late-Victorian period has there been a specific diagnostic name for the individual who suffers chronically from insufficient sleep. The introductory section of the article, which notes the current panic about sleep problems, offers a brief sketch of the history of sleeplessness, acknowledging the transhistorical nature of this condition but also pointing to the appearance, during the period of the Enlightenment, of the term 'insomnia' itself. The second section makes more specific historical claims about the rise of insomnia in the accelerating conditions of everyday life in urban society at the end of the nineteenth century. It traces the rise of the insomniac as such, especially in the context of medical debates about 'neurasthenia', as someone whose identity is constitutively defined by their inability to sleep. The third section, tightening the focus of the article, goes on to reconstruct the biography of one exemplary late nineteenth-century insomniac, the American dentist Albert Kimball, in order to illustrate the claim that insomnia was one of the pre-eminent symptoms of a certain crisis in industrial and metropolitan modernity as this social condition was lived by individuals at the fin de siècle.

中文翻译:

失眠与19世纪末的失眠症:艾伯特·金博尔(Albert Kimball)。

本文探讨了十九世纪末期英国和美国出现的“失眠症”,这是一种独特的病理和社会原型。几千年来,失眠一直是人类面临的问题,但是直到维多利亚时代晚期,才出现了专门针对长期因睡眠不足而遭受痛苦的个体的诊断名称。本文的引言部分指出了当前对睡眠问题的恐慌,简要概述了失眠的历史,承认了这种情况的跨历史性,但也指出了启蒙时期该术语的出现。 “失眠”本身。第二部分对19世纪末城市社会日常生活中加速发展的失眠现象进行了更具体的历史论述。它追踪了失眠症的兴起,尤其是在有关“神经衰弱”的医学辩论中,失眠症的人的身份由无法入睡构成。第三部分,紧紧围绕本文的重点,继续重构一个示例性的十九世纪末期失眠症的传记,即美国牙医阿尔伯特·金伯勒(Albert Kimball),以说明失眠症是一种失眠的主要症状之一。工业和大都市现代性的某些危机,因为这种社会状况是由个人在finsiècle生活的。尤其是在有关“神经衰弱”的医学辩论中,作为一个其身份无法入睡的人,其身份在结构上得到了定义。第三部分,紧紧围绕本文的重点,继续重构一个示例性的十九世纪末期失眠症的传记,即美国牙医阿尔伯特·金博尔(Albert Kimball),以说明失眠症是一种失眠的主要症状之一。工业和大都市现代性的某些危机,因为这种社会状况是由个人在finsiècle生活的。尤其是在有关“神经衰弱”的医学辩论中,因为其身份无法入睡而在本质上对其身份进行了定义。第三部分,紧紧围绕本文的重点,继续重构一个示例性的十九世纪末期失眠症的传记,即美国牙医阿尔伯特·金博尔(Albert Kimball),以说明失眠症是一种失眠的主要症状之一。工业和大都市现代性的某些危机,因为这种社会状况是由个人在finsiècle生活的。
更新日期:2020-04-17
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