In this research communication, a cell model with elevated β-CASEIN synthesis was established by stimulating bovine mammary epithelial cells with 0.6 mM methionine, and the genome-wide gene expression profiles of methionine-stimulated cells and untreated cells were investigated by RNA sequencing. A total of 458 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 219 upregulated and 239 downregulated) were identified between the two groups. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the two highest-ranked GO terms in ‘molecular function’ category were ‘binding’ and ‘catalytic activity’, suggesting that milk protein synthesis in methionine-stimulated cells requires induction of gene expression to increase metabolic activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that within the ‘environmental information processing’ category, the subcategory that is most highly enriched for DEGs was ‘signal transduction’. cGMP-PKG, Rap1, calcium, cAMP, PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and JAK-STAT are the pathways with the highest number of DEGs, suggesting that these signaling pathways have potential roles in mediating methionine-induced milk protein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells. This study provides valuable insights into the physiological and metabolic adaptations in cells stimulated with methionine. Understanding the regulation of this transition is essential for effective intervention in the lactation process.

中文翻译：

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使用 RNA 测序检测蛋氨酸对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞基因表达的刺激作用

在这项研究交流中，通过用 0.6 mM 蛋氨酸刺激牛乳腺上皮细胞建立了 β-CASEIN 合成升高的细胞模型，并通过 RNA 测序研究了蛋氨酸刺激细胞和未处理细胞的全基因组基因表达谱。两组之间共鉴定出 458 个差异表达基因（DEG；219 个上调和 239 个下调）。基因本体论 (GO) 分析表明，“分子功能”类别中排名最高的两个 GO 术语是“结合”和“催化活性”，这表明蛋氨酸刺激细胞中的乳蛋白合成需要诱导基因表达以增加代谢活性. 京都基因和基因组百科全书分析显示，在“环境信息处理”类别中，DEG 最丰富的子类别是“信号转导”。cGMP-PKG、Rap1、钙、cAMP、PI3K-AKT、MAPK和JAK-STAT是DEG数量最多的通路，提示这些信号通路在介导牛乳腺上皮蛋氨酸诱导的乳蛋白合成中具有潜在作用细胞。这项研究为用蛋氨酸刺激的细胞的生理和代谢适应提供了有价值的见解。了解这种转变的调节对于有效干预泌乳过程至关重要。表明这些信号通路在介导牛乳腺上皮细胞中蛋氨酸诱导的乳蛋白合成中具有潜在作用。这项研究为用蛋氨酸刺激的细胞的生理和代谢适应提供了有价值的见解。了解这种转变的调节对于有效干预泌乳过程至关重要。表明这些信号通路在介导牛乳腺上皮细胞中蛋氨酸诱导的乳蛋白合成中具有潜在作用。这项研究为用蛋氨酸刺激的细胞的生理和代谢适应提供了有价值的见解。了解这种转变的调节对于有效干预泌乳过程至关重要。