Abstract

Time perspective, which refers to a mechanism of automatically assigning experiences into temporal categories (as past, present, and future), is argued to be a fundamental dimension in the construction of psychological time in addition to acting as a vulnerability factor for psychological disorders. Negative urgency is another vulnerability factor for psychological disorders that are characterized by engaging in impulsive actions when one is under the influence of negative emotions. The current study aimed to examine how the interaction of different dimensions of time perspective and negative urgency are connected with anxiety and depression. Data were gathered from 404 (255 women) individuals between ages 18 and 65 through measures of time perspective, negative urgency, anxiety, and depression. The results showed that while the interaction of negative urgency with past negative time perspective was associated with depression, a similar pattern was not observed for other dimensions of time perspective. Particularly, negative urgency appeared to boost the negative impact of being past-oriented. Similarly, only the interaction of future time perspective with negative urgency was associated with anxiety, indicating that tending to focus on the events that are likely to take place in the future is associated with elevated levels of anxiety in individuals with high levels of negative urgency.

摘要

时间观点是指将经验自动分配给时间类别（过去，现在和将来）的机制，除了充当心理障碍的易感性因素外，它被认为是构建心理时间的一个基本方面。负紧急性是心理障碍的另一个易受伤害性因素，其特征在于当人们处于负面情绪的影响下时会进行冲动。当前的研究旨在检验时间维度和负面紧迫性的不同维度之间的相互作用如何与焦虑和抑郁联系在一起。通过时间观察，急迫性，焦虑和抑郁的测量，从404名（255名女性）18至65岁的个体中收集数据。结果表明，尽管负紧迫性与过去消极的时间透视的相互作用与抑郁相关，但在其他维度的时间透视中未观察到类似的模式。特别是，消极的紧迫感似乎加剧了过往导向的消极影响。类似地，只有未来时间观点与负紧急性的相互作用才与焦虑相关联，这表明倾向于集中于将来可能发生的事件与负紧急性高的人的焦虑水平升高有关。