Human activities have altered the state of the ocean, leading to warming, acidification and deoxygenation. These changes impact ocean biogeochemistry and influence ecosystem functions and ocean health. The long-term global effects of these changes are difficult to predict using current satellite sensing and traditional in situ observation techniques. Autonomous platforms equipped with biogeochemical sensors allow for the observation of marine biogeochemical processes and ecosystem dynamics, covering a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. The international Biogeochemical-Argo (BGC-Argo) project is currently building a global, multidisciplinary ocean-observing network of autonomous Argo floats equipped with an extensive range of biogeochemical sensors. Other autonomous platforms, such as gliders and surface vehicles, have also incorporated such sensors, mainly operating on regional scales and near the ocean surface. Autonomous mobile assets, along with remotely sensed data, will provide the 4D information required to improve model simulations and forecasts of ocean conditions and ecosystem health.

人类活动改变了海洋状况，导致变暖，酸化和脱氧。这些变化影响海洋生物地球化学并影响生态系统功能和海洋健康。使用当前的卫星感测和传统的原位观测技术很难预测这些变化的长期全球影响。配备有生物地球化学传感器的自主平台允许观察海洋生物地球化学过程和生态系统动态，涵盖范围广泛的时空尺度。国际生物地球化学-Argo（BGC-Argo）项目目前正在建立一个全球性的，多学科的自主Argo浮标海洋观测网络，该网络配备了多种生物地球化学传感器。其他自主平台，例如滑翔机和地面车辆，还结合了此类传感器，主要在区域范围内和海面附近运行。自主移动资产以及遥感数据将提供改善模型模拟以及对海洋状况和生态系统健康的预测所需的4D信息。