An all‐metal beam scanning metamaterial antenna with polarization transform based on the concept of Risley prism is presented in this paper. The antenna is composed of a feed source and three different all‐metal metamaterial lenses. Each lens consists of numerous cross‐slot metamaterial elements. A full transmission phase range of 360° can be achieved for a transmission efficiency over 99% at 14.25 GHz by rotating the cross‐slot on the element. Mechanically rotating the three lenses along the same axis can steer the radiation beam in both azimuth and elevation planes. The simulation results agree well with the theoretical analysis which indicates that the metamaterial antenna can realize a beam scanning range of 120° revolving cone angle with the side lobe better than −13 dB. During the scanning, the directivity of the antenna varies from 34.82 dBi to 37.84 dBi, with the aperture efficiency in the range of 38%‐76%. For the radiated circular polarized (CP) plane wave beam, the beam width remains below 4° and the axial ratio is basically better than −5 dB. Furthermore, the power handling capacity of the metamaterial antenna in this paper is gigawatt (GW) class, which can be applied in the field of high‐power microwave (HPM).

中文翻译：

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大功率微波应用的极化转换射束扫描超材料天线的设计

本文提出了一种基于Risley棱镜概念的带极化变换的全金属束扫描超材料天线。天线由一个馈源和三个不同的全金属超材料透镜组成。每个透镜都包含许多跨槽超材料元素。通过旋转元件上的十字槽，可以实现360°的完整传输相位范围，以实现14.25 GHz时99％的传输效率。沿同一轴机械旋转三个透镜可以将辐射束控制在方位角和仰角平面中。仿真结果与理论分析吻合得很好，理论分析表明，超材料天线可以实现120°旋转锥角的波束扫描范围，旁瓣优于-13 dB。在扫描期间，天线的方向性从34变化。82 dBi至37.84 dBi，孔径效率在38％-76％的范围内。对于辐射的圆偏振（CP）平面光束，光束宽度保持在4°以下，并且轴向比率基本上优于-5 dB。此外，本文中超材料天线的功率处理能力为千兆瓦（GW）级，可应用于高功率微波（HPM）领域。