Recent Developments in the Application of Flow Cytometry to Advance our Understanding of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Physiology and Pathogenesis.,Cytometry Part A

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Recent Developments in the Application of Flow Cytometry to Advance our Understanding of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Physiology and Pathogenesis.
Cytometry Part A ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-21 , DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24030
Trisha Parbhoo ₁ , Samantha L Sampson ₁ , Jacoba M Mouton ₁

Affiliation

The ability of the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis to adapt and survive within human cells to disseminate to other individuals and cause active disease is poorly understood. Research supports that as M. tuberculosis adapts to stressors encountered in the host, it exhibits variable physiological and metabolic states that are time and niche‐dependent. Challenges associated with effective treatment and eradication of tuberculosis (TB) are in part attributed to our lack of understanding of these different mycobacterial phenotypes. This is mainly due to a lack of suitable tools to effectively identify/detect heterogeneous bacterial populations, which may include small, difficult‐to‐culture subpopulations. Importantly, flow cytometry allows rapid and affordable multiparametric measurements of physical and chemical characteristics of single cells, without the need to preculture cells. Here, we summarize current knowledge of flow cytometry applications that have advanced our understanding of the physiology of M. tuberculosis during TB disease. Specifically, we review how host‐associated stressors influence bacterial characteristics such as metabolic activity, membrane potential, redox status and the mycobacterial cell wall. Further, we highlight that flow cytometry offers unprecedented opportunities for insight into bacterial population heterogeneity, which is increasingly appreciated as an important determinant of disease outcome. © 2020 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.

中文翻译：

应用流式细胞术促进我们对结核分枝杆菌生理学和发病机制的了解的最新进展。

人们对细菌病原体结核分枝杆菌在人类细胞内适应和生存、传播给其他个体并引起活动性疾病的能力知之甚少。研究表明，当结核分枝杆菌适应宿主遇到的应激源时，它会表现出与时间和生态位相关的可变生理和代谢状态。与有效治疗和根除结核病 (TB) 相关的挑战部分归因于我们对这些不同的分枝杆菌表型缺乏了解。这主要是由于缺乏合适的工具来有效识别/检测异质细菌群体，其中可能包括小型、难以培养的亚群。重要的是，流式细胞术可以快速且经济地对单细胞的物理和化学特性进行多参数测量，而无需预培养细胞。在这里，我们总结了流式细胞术应用的最新知识，这些知识增进了我们对结核病期间结核分枝杆菌生理学的理解。具体来说，我们回顾了宿主相关的应激源如何影响细菌特征，如代谢活动、膜电位、氧化还原状态和分枝杆菌细胞壁。此外，我们强调流式细胞术为洞察细菌群体异质性提供了前所未有的机会，这越来越被认为是疾病结果的重要决定因素。 © 2020 作者。细胞计数法 A 部分由 Wiley periodicals, Inc. 代表国际细胞计数法促进会出版。

更新日期：2020-07-22

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