Hibiscus syriacus (H. syriacus), which belongs to Malvaceae, is a perennial herb widely distributed in East Asia. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects and its potential molecular mechanisms of leaves extracted with 70% ethanol of H. syriacus (HS-L) at the mRNA and protein level when RAW264.7 macrophages were stimulated by LPS. HS-L dose dependently (0, 25, 50, 100 μg/mL) reduced NO production by inhibiting iNOS, COX-2, and IL-β expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. HS-L decreased the LPS-stimulated degradation and phosphorylation of IkB-a. Moreover, treatment with HS-L suppressed LPS-induced DNA binding of NF-kB and nuclear translocation of p65. Furthermore, HS-L suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38. HS-L was analyzed to contain compounds such as 2-pentadecanone, methyl palmitate, and ethyl palmitate in GC/MS analysis. These results suggested that HS-L could utilize anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways and that HS-L could be used as a natural anti-inflammatory agent.

中文翻译：

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通过抑制LPS刺激的RAW264.7巨噬细胞中NF-κB和MAPKs信号转导，对芙蓉叶提取物进行GC / MS分析和抗炎作用

属于锦葵科的芙蓉（H. syriacus）是多年生草本植物，广泛分布于东亚。在这项研究中，我们研究了用70％的酿酒酵母提取的叶片的抗炎作用及其潜在的分子机制。LPS刺激RAW264.7巨噬细胞时，mRNA和蛋白水平的水平（HS-L）。HS-L剂量依赖性（0、25、50、100μg/ mL）通过抑制LPS诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞中的iNOS，COX-2和IL-β表达来减少NO的产生。HS-L减少了LPS刺激的IkB-a降解和磷酸化。此外，用HS-L处理可抑制LPS诱导的NF-kB DNA结合和p65的核易位。此外，HS-L抑制ERK1 / 2和p38的磷酸化。在GC / MS分析中，分析了HS-L中包含的化合物，例如2-pentadecanone，棕榈酸甲酯和棕榈酸乙酯。这些结果表明，HS-L可以通过抑制NF-κB和MAPKs信号通路来利用抗炎活性，并且HS-L可以用作天然抗炎剂。