Archaeological sites are increasingly threatened by primary impacts of climate change, including sea-level rise, flooding, and erosion. These important sites represent cultural heritage and contain unique past environmental, ecological, and climate information. Stewardship of these cultural resources is generally limited to mitigation and salvage of immediately threatened sites, with little forethought given to secondary impacts of climate change. Secondary impacts are defined in this paper as climate-driven resettlement and associated development and may result in destruction of archaeological sites via resettlement of affected populations. The United Nations predicts increases above existing rates of resettlement of climate-affected communities from areas in which in situ infrastructure adaptations are not economically feasible, legal, or physically possible. Resulting development will likely disturb archaeological sites in interior regions. These cultural, environmental, and climate archives may be lost if urgent, unplanned climate-driven resettlement overwhelms state and local protections. Thus, planning for climate-driven resettlement should include standard methods for assessing threats to archaeological sites. Using Southern Maine as a pilot study, we report a trial methodology for identifying towns likely to experience rapid increases in population and infrastructure development related to climate-driven resettlement. Socioeconomic and demographic data, land cover change analyses, and archaeological records are combined in this risk assessment framework. The products are town-level maps that identify archaeological sites threatened by secondary impacts of climate change (climate-driven migration). This tool enables prioritization of threatened sites prior to potential destruction by large-scale migration and associated economic development and makes timely development compliance with federal and state legislation more likely.

考古遗址正日益受到气候变化的主要影响，包括海平面上升，洪水和侵蚀。这些重要的地点代表着文化遗产，并包含独特的过去环境，生态和气候信息。这些文化资源的管理通常仅限于缓解和抢救立即受到威胁的地点，而很少考虑到气候变化的次要影响。本文将次要影响定义为气候驱动的移民及其相关发展，并可能通过受影响人口的重新安置而导致考古遗址的破坏。联合国预测，从原地进行基础设施改造在经济上不可行，法律，或身体上可能的。由此产生的发展可能会扰乱内部地区的考古遗址。如果紧急的，计划外的气候驱动移民淹没了州和地方的保护，则这些文化，环境和气候档案可能会丢失。因此，气候驱动的移民安置计划应包括评估考古遗址威胁的标准方法。我们以缅因州南部地区为试点研究，报告了一种试验方法，用于确定可能经历与气候驱动移民相关的人口和基础设施发展迅速增长的城镇。社会经济和人口数据，土地覆被变化分析和考古记录在此风险评估框架中结合在一起。这些产品是镇级地图，用于识别受到气候变化（气候驱动的迁徙）的次要影响的考古遗址。该工具可以在大规模迁移和相关的经济发展潜在破坏之前确定受威胁站点的优先级，并使及时开发符合联邦和州法律的可能性更高。