Myocarditis is a multifactorial disorder, characterized by an inflammatory reaction in the myocardium, predominantly triggered by infectious agents, but also by antigen mimicry or autoimmunity in susceptible individuals. Unless spontaneously resolved, a chronic inflammatory course concludes with cardiac muscle dysfunction portrayed by ventricular dilatation, clinically termed inflammatory cardiomyopathy (Infl-CM). Treatment strategies aim to resolve chronic inflammation and preserve cardiac function. Beside standard heart failure treatments, which only play a supportive role in this condition, systemic immunosuppressants are used to diminish inflammatory cell function at the cost of noxious side effects. To date, the treatment protocols are expert-based without large clinical evidence. This review describes concept and contemporary strategies to alleviate myocardial inflammation and sheds light on potential inflammatory targets in an evidence-based order.

中文翻译：

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炎症性心肌病的潜在免疫相关疗法工具箱。

心肌炎是一种多因素疾病，其特征是心肌中的炎症反应，主要由传染原引发，但也由易感个体的抗原拟态或自身免疫引起。除非自发解决，否则慢性炎症过程会以心室扩张所表现的心肌功能障碍结束，临床上称为炎症性心肌病 (Infl-CM)。治疗策略旨在解决慢性炎症并保护心脏功能。除了仅在这种情况下发挥支持作用的标准心力衰竭治疗外，全身性免疫抑制剂还用于以有害副作用为代价来减少炎症细胞功能。迄今为止，治疗方案是基于专家的，没有大量临床证据。