Wild populations of Brassica oleracea subsp. oleracea growing on European Atlantic coasts deserve attention since their diversity could contribute useful alleles to the Brassica oleracea cole crops (cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, etc.). These populations have also been proposed as the source from which cole crops have been domesticated. Other authors have challenged their natural origin and suspected their derivation from vegetable brassicas escaped from fields and gardens. Our study surveyed northwestern French coastal areas and analysed with Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers the genetic diversity and structure of nine wild populations, as well as of five accessions of locally grown B. oleracea crops. This study offered the highest level of detail ever presented about the distribution of wild B. oleracea populations along the French Atlantic coast. Populations analysed showed a low level of genetic differentiation, which might be explained by a relatively recent origin of all the populations from a common source, more likely than by insufficient physical or distance barriers to intercrossing. Traditional varieties commonly grown in the same area were not fully distinguishable from the wild populations on a molecular level. The level of genetic diversity of the wild populations was similar to, or lower than that of the cultivated crops. Therefore, the absence of a domestication bottleneck invited us to exclude the wild French populations as the likely source of original domestication events. Populations with higher levels of genetic diversity that could be targeted for conservation and breeding were the wild Penly and Petites Dalles and the Saint-Saëns cabbage.

芸苔亚种的野生种群。甘蓝生长在欧洲大西洋海岸值得关注的，因为他们的多样性可以提供有用的等位基因的甘蓝油菜作物（甘蓝，西兰花，菜花等）。还建议将这些种群作为油菜作物驯化的来源。其他作者挑战了它们的自然起源，怀疑它们是从田野和花园中逃脱的蔬菜芸苔属衍生的。我们的研究对法国西北沿海地区进行了调查，并使用扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）标记分析了9个野生种群以及5个本地种植的油菜芽孢杆菌的遗传多样性和结构。庄稼。这项研究提供了有关野生油菜分布的最高详细程度法国大西洋沿岸的人口。分析的种群显示出较低的遗传分化水平，这可能是由于所有种群来自同一来源的相对较近的起源，而不是由于缺乏足够的物理或距离障碍而无法进行杂交。在分子水平上，通常在同一地区种植的传统品种与野生种群没有完全区别。野生种群的遗传多样性水平与耕作作物相似或低于其。因此，由于没有驯化瓶颈，因此我们将法国的野生种群排除在外，因为它们可能是原始驯化事件的来源。