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Enhanced photocatalytic selectivity of noble metallized TiO2 nanoparticles for the reduction of selenate in water: tunable Se reduction product H2Se(g)vs. Se(s)
Environmental Science: Nano ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-20 , DOI: 10.1039/d0en00048e
Andrew B. Holmes 1, 1, 2, 3, 4 , Daid Khan 1, 2, 3 , Diogo de Oliveira Livera 1, 2, 3 , Frank Gu 1, 1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliation  

Selenium (Se) contamination as a result of anthropogenic activity (i.e. mining, power generation, and oil & gas refining) is becoming a global concern due to its associated aquatic toxicity concerns. Herein, heterogeneous nanoscale photocatalysts were synthesized by depositing noble metal nanoparticles (gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd)) onto titanium dioxide (TiO2), which demonstrated work-function dependent bimodal selectivity of final products during the photocatalytic reduction of selenate to elemental Se (Se0) or hydrogen selenide gas (H2Se). The Se-noble metal-TiO2 (Se-NM-TiO2) photocatalytic system is structured in a direct Z-scheme arrangement when Au, Ag or Pt are used, allowing for high selectivity towards H2Se. In contrast, Pd acted as an electron sink which decreased reducibility of the photogenerated electrons, ultimately causing a higher selectivity towards Se0. Au–TiO2 offers the largest H2Se selectivity of all catalysts tested, while Pd–TiO2 offers the highest selectivity to solid Se0 generation. This study elucidates electron transport mechanisms and Fermi level equilibration via quantized double-layer charging effects of the Se-NM-TiO2 system and sheds light on advanced reduction processes using nanoscale heterogeneous catalysts. Finally, tunability of the Se reduction product is key to designing a sustainable treatment approach with a potential for Se capture and reuse.

中文翻译:

贵金属化TiO2纳米颗粒对水中硒酸盐还原的增强的光催化选择性:可调的Se还原产物H2Se(g)vs。硒

硒(Se)作为污染人类活动(的结果,即采矿,发电,石油和天然气精炼)正在成为全球关注的问题,由于其相关的水生毒性的担忧。在此,通过将贵金属纳米颗粒(金(Au),银(Ag),铂(Pt)和钯(Pd))沉积到二氧化钛(TiO 2)上,合成了多相纳米级光催化剂,这证明了依赖于功函数的双峰选择性将硒酸盐光催化还原为元素硒(Se 0)或硒化氢气体(H 2 Se)的最终产物。硒贵金属TiO 2(Se-NM-TiO 2)光催化体系在直接Z中构成-使用Au,Ag或Pt时的化学结构,可实现对H 2 Se的高选择性。相反,Pd充当电子吸收体,降低了光生电子的还原性,最终导致了对Se 0的更高选择性。在所有测试的催化剂中,Au–TiO 2提供最高的H 2 Se选择性,而Pd–TiO 2提供最高的生成固体Se 0的选择性。这项研究通过量化的Se-NM-TiO 2双层电荷效应阐明了电子传输机理和费米能级平衡系统,揭示了使用纳米级非均相催化剂进行的高级还原过程。最后,减少硒含量的产品的可调节性是设计一种可持续的处理方法的关键,该方法具有捕获和再利用硒的潜力。
更新日期:2020-06-18
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